"Manufacturer and distributer of mainly 9.5mm cine equipment and films, off-shoot of French Pathe; based North Circular Road, Cricklewood, London; Pathescope struggled after second world war until eventual buy-out in 1958-1959 and name change to Pathecsope (Great Britain) Ltd and Pathescope (London) Ltd; manufacturing done by Smiths Industries; eventual bankrupcy in 1960 with stock going to UIniversal Stores who continued to use until 1964."

Source: https://collection.sciencemuseumgroup.org.uk/people/cp102202/pathescope-limited

T.R. Rodger was the primary photographer at St. Mary's Studio in St. Andrews, Scotland, established 1849 and patronized by royalty.

Publisher of lantern slides

The Bell & Howell Company was incorporated February 17, 1907 by Donald Bell and Albert Howell. The company was a supplier of a variety of media equipment, becoming a supplier for schools and offices. The firm added microfilm products in 1946. It purchased University Microfilms International in the 1980s. UMI produced a product called ProQuest. In the 2000s, Bell & Howell decided to focus on their information technology businesses. The imaging business was sold to Eastman Kodak and the international mail business was sold to Pitney Bowes. On June 6, 2001 Bell & Howell became a ProQuest Company but is now a subsidiary of the private Cambridge Information Group. In September 2001, the remaining industrial businesses, along with the Bell & Howell name were sold to private equity firm Glencoe Capital. The company merged with the North American arm of Böwe Systec Inc. In 2003; Böwe Systec later acquired the entire company. It was known as Böwe Bell & Howell until 2011, when Versa Capital Management bought the company out of bankruptcy and renamed the company "Bell and Howell, LLC"

Founded in 1932 by Otto W. Githens and Jacob J. Shapiro in New York. The company was insolvent in 1952 but the business was kept going until 1964. Made cine cameras and projectors, still cameras, and binoculars.

The company aquired Norton Laboratories Ltd. Lock Port, New York

Source: https://collection.sciencemuseumgroup.org.uk/people/cp118773/universal-camera-corporation

The Hewlett-Packard Company (commonly referred to as HP) or shortened to Hewlett-Packard was an American multinational information technology company headquartered in Palo Alto, California. It developed and provided a wide variety of hardware components as well as software and related services to consumers, small- and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) and large enterprises, including customers in the government, health and education sectors. Former type: Public; Traded as NYSE: HPQ; Industry: Computer hardware; Computer software; IT services; IT consulting; Fate: Split into two companies; renamed as HP Inc., successor: HP Inc.; Hewlett Packard Enterprise .

Founded: Jan. 1, 1939 by co-founders William Redington Hewlett and David Packard. The main company was defunct in Nov. 1, 2015 (Hewlett Packard Enterprise), it is now operating as HP Inc. with its headquarters in Palo Alto, California, U.S

source: https://lccn.loc.gov/n80090459

"Apple Inc., formerly Apple Computer, Inc., American manufacturer of personal computers, smartphones, tablet computers, computer peripherals, and computer software. It was the first successful personal computer company and the popularizer of the graphical user interface. Headquarters are located in Cupertino, California."

Source: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Apple-Inc

BlackBerry Limited is a Canadian software and cybersecurity company based in Waterloo, Ontario. Between 1984–2013, the company was known as Research In Motion (RIM). The company also developed the BlackBerry brand of interactive pagers, smartphones, and tablets. In January 2022, BlackBerry decommissioned the infrastructure and operating system used by their non-Android phones.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackBerry_Limited

Audrey Cohn-Sandler earned her BA (1961) and her MA (1962) from the University of Chicago. She joined the Social Sciences faculty at Ryerson in 1967, earning tenure in 1969. She became chair of the Sociology Department in 1977 and was re-appointed in 1980, and 1983. While at Ryerson, Cohn advocated for expanding student residences and was instrumental in the opening of the Neill-Wycik residency on Gerrard Street. Ms. Cohn-Sandler died in March of 1986 in a house fire. In November of 1987 the Cohn-Sandler Reading Room was established in her honour on the 6th floor of Ryerson Library (Cohn changed her name to Cohn-Sandler when she married David Sandler in 1982). Because she had taught courses in Sociology and the Family while at Ryerson, the reading room was designed to accommodate books on this subject. However, the room was closed as a reading room for sociology students approximately 5 years after opening. The memorial plaque outside the room continued in use up until approximately 2010. In 2010, the Department of Sociology inaugurated the Audrey Cohn-Sandler Award in Sociology, a monetary award given in honour of Cohn-Sandler to current Sociology students who demonstrate her sense of caring and community.

October 2, 2006: Fujifilm Corporation operates the imaging and information businesses previously operated by Fuji Photo Film. Co. Ltd. (founded 1934), which became Fujifilm Holdings Corporation in 2006.

Source: https://global.fujifilm.com/en/about/corporate/overview

Iloca (styled "Jloca") cameras were produced from 1950 to 1959 by Wilhelm Witt of Hamburg. Early models were the Iloca I, Ia, II and IIa, which were small and relatively simple viewfinder and rangefinder cameras. The "Quick" series introduced automatic cocking of the shutter when winding the film. The name "Rapid" came from the adoption of a rapid winding lever. The cameras were sold very successful in the 1950s through the Sears mail order catalogue in the USA. However, the company was probably best known for their range of stereo cameras.

Their main claim to fame was the introduction of the first 35mm camera with an integrated electric motor wind. Unfortunately it was very expensive and sold poorly in Europe. It was much more successful in the USA where it was sold as the Graphic 35 Electric. The company was acquired by Agfa around 1960 and the Iloca Electric was re-introduced as the Agfa Selecta m - only this time with a fixed f2.8 Solinar lens in place of the interchangeable bayonet mount.

Nishika Optical Systems is based in Hong Kong. It makes cameras for Nishika Corporation in Henderson, Nevada, U.S.A., a company that bought parts and patents of the Nimslo Corp. in the 1990s. It continued the series of the Nimslo 3-D cameras under the name Nishika.

Argus was an American maker of cameras and photographic products, founded in 1936 in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Argus originated as a subsidiary of the International Radio Corporation (IRC), founded by Charles Verschoor. Its best-known product was the C3 rangefinder camera, which enjoyed a 27-year production run and became one of the top-selling cameras in history. The company's Model A was the first low-cost 35 mm camera in the United States. Sylvania acquired Argus in 1959 and sold it in 1969, by which time it had ceased camera production (some rebadged cameras continued to be sold under the Argus name through the 1970s). More recently, the Argus brand has been reestablished and is used on a variety of inexpensive digital cameras made by Argus Camera Company, LLC., located in Inverness, Illinois.

Source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argus_(camera_company)

The C. F. Foth & Co. was founded as an optical and mechanical company in approximately 1925. It was originally located in Danzig (Gdansk) in a building that was previously producing gun and munitions for world war 1. Danzig was located within the Polish corridor where the German population eventually forced the annexation by Germany in 1939. C. F. Foth & Co. was also established in Berlin at Cottbusser Damm. 25-26 in approximately 1926. In 1928 the Berlin factory moved to Berlin-Britz Grade StraBe 91-107 until 1932 and then finally to Berlin-Buchholz, PankStrasse 1-3 until its dissolution in the early 1940s. The company was popular for not only producing the Derby cameras but also radio headphones, binoculars and optical lens and equipment.

Franke & Heidecke was a German manufacturer of optical instruments founded in 1920 by Paul Franke (de) and Reinhold Heidecke (de) in Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, and maker of the Rolleiflex and Rolleicord series of cameras. Later products included specialty and nostalgic type films for the photo hobbyist market. Originally named Werkstatt für Feinmechanik und Optik, Franke & Heidecke, the company renamed into Rollei-Werke Franke & Heidecke GmbH in 1972, Rollei-Werke Franke & Heidecke GmbH & Co. KG, in 1979, and Rollei Fototechnic GmbH & Co. KG in 1981. After being purchased in 1995 by Samsung Techwin, part of the South Korean Samsung Group, it was sold back to its internal management in 1999. In 2002, it was bought by a Danish investment group, and renamed Rollei GmbH in 2004. In 2005/2006, the company headquarters moved to Berlin and the company was split into two different companies: Rollei GmbH in Berlin, owner of the Rollei brand and selling various OEM equipment, and Rollei Produktion GmbH in Braunschweig, an equipment factory which became Franke & Heidecke GmbH, Feinmechanik und Optik. Following another restructuring in 2007, Rollei was split into three companies. Franke & Heidecke GmbH, Feinmechanik und Optik focused on the production of professional medium format cameras and slide projectors, while RCP-Technik GmbH & Co. KG in Hamburg was responsible for Rollei consumer products like re-branded compact digital cameras in the European market, and with the RCP Technik Verwaltungs GmbH owning the rights to the "Rollei" and "Rolleiflex" brands. Finally, Rollei Metric GmbH took over the photogrammetry business.
In early 2009, Franke & Heidecke GmbH, Feinmechanik und Optik declared itself insolvent. Since 2009 Rolleiflex medium format cameras, Rollei 35 and Rolleivision slide projectors were being produced by the DHW Fototechnik GmbH - a company founded by Rolf Daus, Hans Hartje and Frank Will, former Franke & Heidecke employees.DHW Fototechnik presented two new Rolleiflex cameras and a new electronic shutter at photokina 2012. DHW itself filed for insolvency on 2014-08-15 and was dissolved in April 2015 thereby ending any further production of cameras, lenses and accessories.
As of 2015 the brands "Rollei" and "Rolleiflex" continue to be owned by the RCP Technik Verwaltungs GmbH. On 2015-01-01, the RCP-Technik GmbH & Co. KG refirmed as Rollei GmbH & Co. KG to market digital consumer cameras and accessories under the "Rollei" label in Europe.

Zeiss Ikon was formed in Germany in 1926 by the merger of camera manufacturers Contessa-Nettel, Ernemann, Goerz and Ica.

The company formed one part of the Carl Zeiss Foundation, another part being the optical company Carl Zeiss. Logically, most of the Zeiss Ikon cameras were equipped with Carl Zeiss lenses; and the formerly independent companies, in particular Goerz, had to shut down their own lens manufacture.

The merged company was also obliged to use Compur shutters for 80% of its cameras. Thus only the simplest cameras could get cheaper shutters like the Klio. Soon AG Hahn für Optik und Mechanik, Kassel, and Goerz Photochemisches Werk GmbH, Berlin, joined the Zeiss Ikon syndicate. Both companies, Zeiss Ikon and Hahn, were also in the business of producing keys, latches an lock cylinders. This business was more and more concentrated in the former optical factories of Goerz in Berlin.

The group became one of the big companies in the photo technology capital Dresden, with plants in Stuttgart and Berlin. It continued several products of its constituents for a while, but also created new ones like the quality folder Ikonta and the medium format rangefinder camera Super Ikonta. Until WWII Zeiss Ikon was the world's market leading maker of 8mm movie cameras. In addition to cameras and lenses, Zeiss Ikon also produced some optics for medical applications.

Source: http://camera-wiki.org/wiki/Zeiss_Ikon

Founded in 1802 on Silver Street in Waterbury, CT, Abel Porter & Co. began by producing brass and copper items and sewing hardware. Under the new partnership of Leavenworth, Hayden & Scovill of 1811, the company continued to produce brass buttons, including a military contract to produce civil war artillery buttons.

Having been already set up for the production of metal items, J.M.L Scovill and W.H. Scovill began manufacturing silvered plates in 1839, shortly after the presentation of Daguerreotype photography. In about a year, Scovill plates were of equal quality to plates manufactured in Paris.

The Scovills became notable suppliers of photographic supplies after opening a New York storefront in 1846, which carried a full line of cameras, photographic equipment and supplies.

The Scovill company continued to grow; it was incorporated as Scovill Manufacturing Company in 1850 and acquired the American Optical Company in 1867. This broadened their manufacturing line to include the box cameras and stereoscopes produced by American Optical.

Some organizational change followed when, in 1889, an officer took over the company, changing the name to Scovill & Adam's. The company's name changed again, to The Scovill & Anthony Company, when it merged with the E. & H.T. Anthony Company in 1902.

In 1907, this handle was abbreviated to "ANSCO". The company continued to produce photographic equipment under that brand name until 1928, when they merged with the German manufacturer, Agfa.

The company was founded as Asahi Kogaku Goshi Kaisha in November 1919 by Kumao Kajiwara, at a shop in the Toshima suburb of Tokyo, and began producing spectacle lenses (which it still manufactures). In 1938 it changed its name to Asahi Optical Co., Ltd. (Asahi Kōgaku Kōgyō Kabushiki-gaisha), and by this time it was also manufacturing camera/cine lenses.

In the lead-up to World War II, Asahi Optical devoted much of its time to fulfilling military contracts for optical instruments. At the end of the war, Asahi Optical was disbanded by the occupying powers, being allowed to re-form in 1948. The company resumed its pre-war activities, manufacturing binoculars and consumer camera lenses for Konishiroku and Chiyoda Kōgaku Seikō (later Konica and Minolta respectively).

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentax

Canon Inc. is a Japanese multinational corporation headquartered in Ōta, Tokyo, Japan, specializing in optical, imaging, and industrial products, such as lenses, cameras, medical equipment, scanners, printers, and semiconductor manufacturing equipment.

Nikon was established in 1917, originally named Nippon Kōgaku Kōgyō Kabushikigaisha (Japan Optical Industries Co., Ltd.). A subsidiary of Mitsubishi, the company was renamed Nikon Corporation in 1988.

Ihagee (Industrie- und Handelsgesellschaft) was a German camera maker, now mostly known for its 35 mm SLR cameras. The company was founded in 1912 by Johan Steenbergen, a Dutch merchant. He had received his training at Ernemann in Dresden.

The company started by producing conventional folding roll film and plate cameras. By 1918, the German economy was in serious trouble and so was Ihagee. It was liquidated and set up again. By 1925, Ihagee produced 1,000 roll film cameras a day.

In 1933 the Exakta A was presented. It was a single lens reflex and was greeted with scepticism. This Exakta took 3×6.5cm pictures on 127 film. The Exakta line was to become Ihagee's major success. In 1936 its most famous camera, the Kine Exakta was presented at the Leipziger Messe. This was the first SLR to take pictures on 35 mm film. From the beginning the 35 mm Exakta was a system camera, offering interchangeable lenses, finders, microscope adaptors and plate film backs.

By 1940 camera production ceased because of the war and Steenbergen, a Dutch national, transferred ownership rights in the company to trusted partners and employees because of xenophobia in Germany.

Source: http://camera-wiki.org/wiki/Ihagee

Kodak AG is the German branch of the Kodak company. It originated at the end of the 19th century as German branch of Kodak in Berlin, named Eastman Kodak GmbH

Later, in the 20th century, the German Kodak branch became listed at the German stock market, and it bought the independent camera maker Nagel, and its founder Dr. August Nagel became general director of the company when it was bought by Eastman Kodak Company on December 1, 1931. Kodak A.G. Dr. Nagel Werk developed its own line of products including the Kodak Retina Camera. The first Retina camera (Type 117) was introduced in the summer of 1934 along with a new 35mm film Daylight Loading Cartridge (DLC). Dr. August Nagel held the German patent for this new 35mm DLC. This 35mm Daylight Loading Cartridge was designed for the Kodak Retina camera and was also designed to retrofit into existing Leica and Contax cameras. Nagel's son Helmut Nagel led the company after the war.

Source: http://camera-wiki.org/wiki/Kodak_AG

Pentacon is the company name of a camera manufacturer in Dresden, Germany.

The name Pentacon is derived from the brand Contax of Zeiss Ikon Kamerawerke in Dresden and Pentagon, as a Pentaprism for Single-Lens Reflex (SLR) cameras was for the first time developed in Dresden. The cross section of this prism has a pentagonal shape. Pentacon is best known for producing the SLR cameras of the Praktica-series as well as the medium format camera Pentacon Six, the Pentacon Super and various cameras of the Exa series.

Krasnogorski Mekhanicheskii Zavod (KMZ) – Mechanical Factory of Krasnogorsk was founded in 1942 in Krasnogorsk, a western suburb of Moscow on the base of evacuated optical-mechanical plant No.69, in order to produce optical equipment for the Soviet army.

In 1946 the KMZ factory began making cameras, starting with the Moskva folding camera. In 1948 they began producing FED cameras to offset slow production from the FED factory, and by 1949 they made some design changes and thus production of the Zorki began. In 1952, KMZ created an SLR based on some modifications of the Zorki, and thus the Zenit was born.

In 1993 KMZ became the S.A.Zverev KRASNOGORSKY ZAVOD JSC stock company.

Source: https://camerapedia.fandom.com/wiki/KMZ

Wm. R. Whittaker, Ltd. was a maker of aircraft parts based in Hollywood (Los Angeles, California/USA). It was founded by William and Robert Whittaker. From 1947 to the mid-1950s they produced subminiature viewfinder cameras for 16mm film.

Voigtländer was founded in Vienna, Archduchy of Austria, in 1797, by Johann Christoph Voigtländer. Voigtländer produced mathematical instruments, precision mechanical products, optical instruments, including optical measuring instruments and opera glasses, and is the oldest name in cameras.

Voigtländer was a significant long-established company within the optics and photographic industry, headquartered in Braunschweig, Germany, and today continues as a trademark for a range of photographic products.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voigtl%C3%A4nder

Eldest child of Elsie Margaret Macpherson and Walker Ernest Macpherson, born in Toronto on November 26th, 1909. Archibald Brodie Macpherson graduated from the University of Toronto in 1931 from the Science and Engineering department. He opened his photography business at 172 Walmer road (the basement of the family home), in Toronto in 1946, following his service in the Royal Canadian Air Force during the Second World War. The studio specialized in colour photographs and Macpherson experimented with his own mixing his own chemicals and perfecting his own photographic processes. The photographer was the chair of the Toronto Camera Club's Colour Print Group, and would teach colour separation through the club's facilities. He was also a member of the Commercial and Press Photographs Association of Canada (CAPPAC_. serving as Secretary in 1949-1953, and as Treasurer in 1954. He retired from photography in 1964.

This Working Group was formed in November 2003 to enable Ryerson to comply with the federal Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA). PIPEDA was enacted on January 1, 2001 to guide and direct private sector organizations in the collection, use and disclosure of personal information during the course of commercial activities. On January 1, 2004, the Act applied to all commercial activity within each province -- including provincially regulated organizations -- particularly if a province had no privacy laws (as in Ontario). Thus, Ryerson became subject to the federal legislation and had to formulate guidelines to deal with personal information protection, especially with regard to any commercial activities it may be involved in.

The Working Group, comprised of a cross-section of Ryerson individuals who were deemed to have a particular interest or expertise in this matter, sat for approximately four months, from November 2003 to February 2004. It produced final documents for consideration by the University's senior administration, which in turn issued a final draft entitled, "Personal Information Protection Guidelines", along with a companion document, "Freedom of Information Guidelines".

1965-1966 Applied Arts department first appeared in Course Calendar. Architectural Technology and Furniture and Interior Design were the two programs in this department.

1967-1968 Furniture and Interior Design name changed to Interior Design

1969 Department organized under the Arts Division

1970 Recognized as its own division - Applied Arts Division - with the following departments : Home Economic, Library Arts, Interior Design, Journalism, Business and Technical Communications, Photographic Arts, and Radio and Television Arts

1971-1972 Theatre offered under Applied Arts for first time as a diploma.

1972-1973 Early Childhood Education becomes a separate program from Home Economics and offers a degree (Bachelor of Applied Arts) for first time. Home Economics, Interior Design, Journalism, and Radio and Television Arts all offered as BAA's for first time.

1974-1975 Library Arts is offered as a certificate. Photographic Arts offers 2 degree option for first time - BAA and a Bachelor of Technology (BTech).

1976-1977 Graphics Arts Management offers BTech degree for first time

1983-1984 Faculties established - Faculty of Applied Arts

1985-1986 Fashion offered as a BAA for first time.

2001 Faculty of Applied Arts changed to the Faculty of Communication and Design

2002-2003 Interior Design degree changed to a BID - Bachelor of Interior Design

2004-2005 Radio and Television Arts degree changed from a BAA to a BA - bachelor of Arts and Fashion changes to a BDes - bachelor of Design

2005-2006 Faculties re-organized - Faculty of Arts, Faculty of Business, Faculty of Communication and Design (FCAD), Faculty of Community Services, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science. FCAD home to the schools of Fashion (BDes), Graphic Communications Management (BTech), Image Arts (BFA), Interior Design (BID), Journalism (BJour), Radio and Television Arts (BA), and Theatre (BFA)

2013-2014 Offers 3 new degrees - Creative Industries (BA), New Media (BFA), and Professional Communication (BA)

2014-2015 Radio and Television Arts degree name changed to Media Producation (BA)

2016-2017 Theatre School changes name to Ryerson School of Performance. Degree changes to Performance (BFA)

2021 On August 16, 2021 The Faculty of Communication and Design changed its name to the Creative School. The repositioning of the faculty comes after two years of rigorous research, consultations with industry professionals, and input from the FCAD community that overall supported the revised brand positioning and comprehensive definition of creativity.

The Office of University Relations was created in April of 2013 with the appointment of Erin McGinn as Assistant Vice President Communications. Department consists of Communcations: Media relations, publications, event listings, crisis communications and issues management, and social media; Marketing: brand resources, marketing strategy and planning, creative design and production, web and digital services, and business cards and stationery; Government relations; and Community Engagement. In September of 2016 the name changed from the Department of Communication, Government, and Community Engagement to the Office of University Affairs.

The Campus Photographic Service was made up of students in the Journalism and Photographic Arts programs. They were responsible for providing photographs for the Ryersonian Newspaper, the course calendars, and the yearbook - including graduate portraits.

Marion and Company Ltd was a camera maker in London (from an earlier stationary company in Paris) from the early 1840s until 1921, when the company was one of the seven British firms which merged to form Amalgamated Photographic Manufacturers (APM). Marion & Co. Ltd was only the last name of the company, which was founded as Augustin Marion, and changed its name several times. The company also changed its address in London several times before settling in Soho Square. This address led to the Soho name being applied to some of the company's most successful products, including the Soho Reflex range of cameras of the early 20th century. The name Soho was also preserved in the names of later companies arising from the break-up of APM, Soho Ltd and Kershaw-Soho

Mary Sandals Caesar was a graduate of The Wellesley Hospital School of Nursing class of 1965.