The Role of the Polytechnic in Canadian Education
- F 11.04
- File
- February 14 1978
Part of Walter G. Pitman fonds
The Role of the Polytechnic in Canadian Education
Part of Walter G. Pitman fonds
Part of Robert B. Scott fonds
File contains a variety of materials. Included is an audiocassette recording of Robert Scott's PTM 011-01 lecture given October 21, 1976 from 8:00am - 9:00am. Black and white photographs and contact sheets showing the the geodesic dome built in the Experimental Media Lab (Photo Arts building rm 304). Included in the photographs are images of Robert Scott and several of his students who helped build the dome. The contact sheets show the same photographs plus other images of student work and Ron Werner, a professor from the Psychology Department who team taught with Robert Scott. A valentine's day card, and a short 2 page essay by Robert Scott.
Interview of Charles Temple by Ryerson Archivist (Claude Doucet)
Part of Charles Temple fonds
This file contains 2 Sound Recordings with Transcription included.
Part of Alberindo Sauro fonds
This file contains 2 Sound Recordings and Transcriptions
Part of Alberindo Sauro fonds
2005 digital copies of "The Ryerson Song" and related audio material. The Ryerson Song was originally written in 1950 and first recorded onto 78 rpm audio disc. Tracks on these audio compact discs are: 1 Full 16 minute recording direct from Cassette. 2 Ryerson song from cassette. 3. Ryerson Song crackle and click removal. 4. Ryerson Song crackle and click removal plus noise reduction. 5. Ryerson Song crackle and click removal plus noise reduction and equalization.
Ryerson Song - vinyl audio discs (records)
Part of Alberindo Sauro fonds
According to Al Sauro, Ryerson pioneer and former faculty member and dean, the original Ryerson Song was written in five minutes, at the request of Principal Howard Kerr, who wanted to promote school spirit, especially during Ryerson sporting events. The Song was written in 1950. The following year, the Song was modified by both Sauro and Rennie Charles, the Song's co-writers. A new verse was written as the first verse ("Give us light...") whereas the original two verses ("RIT we will fight..." and "Long may you thrive...") and music served as refrain. It appears that the Ryerson Song may have been known mainly for its second and third verses, as the first verse is rarely referred to in documentation relating to the Song. The lyrics for the Song can be found in the "Music at Ryerson" documentation file. The instrumental rendition of the Ryerson Song, played by the Ryerson Band, was initially recorded on a 78 rpm audio disc (RG 210.5.06). It was subsequently dubbed onto contact disc in 2005 (RG 210.5.05) by John Hajdu of the Digital Media Projects Office. Documentation and descriptive information regarding the transfer process to CD are included with A. 2006-014. As well as the approimately 2 minute song, the Ryerson Band plays several jazz numbers on the reecording for a total time of 16:40.
Ryerson Glee Club - vinyl audio disc (record)
Part of Alberindo Sauro fonds
Recorded March 8, 1950.
Part of Ted Brock fonds
File contains cassette tape of Ted Brock's interview with Allan Collier. Alan Collier painted 2 murals in Howard Kerr Hall: "The Portico of Philosophers" in East Kerr Hall; and "Technology of the World" in West Kerr Hall.
Interview With Herbert W. Jackson by Former Ryerson Archivist
Part of Herbert W. Jackson fonds
This file contains 1 cassette
Ontario Ministry of Education Shorthand Instructional audio discs
Part of Evelina J. Thompson fonds
5 audio discs containing 10 Short Hand lessons. Produced by the Ontario Ministry of Education and dictated by Howard Maclean and books: Shorterhand Drillbook One and Two
Pitman Shorterhand Tape Programme One : Lessons #1-28
Part of Evelina J. Thompson fonds
15 audio cassettes containing short hand training.
Pitman Shorterhand Tape Programme Two : Lessons #1-20
Part of Evelina J. Thompson fonds
Audio cassettes containing shorthand training, played in class for secretarial students to listen and take dictation.
Pitman Shorterhand Tapes #1, 3, 5, 7, 10
Part of Evelina J. Thompson fonds
This file contains audio cassettes tapes played for dictation practice by secretarial students.
Part of Doddie Brown fonds
File consists of an audio interview of Doddie Brown conducted by Ryerson Archiviist, Claude Doucet.
Ted Toogood oral history interview
Part of Ted Toogood fonds
This file contains 2 cassette tapes and supplementary text of an oral history interview conducted by former Ryerson Archivist, Claude Doucet.
Part of Morley Finley fonds
File contains cassette recording of Ryerson Archivist Claude Doucet interviewing former Ryerson Registrar Morley Finley.
Part of John Downing fonds
Part of The RTA School of Media
File consists of: RTA Awards Ceremony programmes; photographs of award winners from 1992-1995 and 1997; and a cassette tape from the 1974 awards event.
The Student Lounge Compilation
Part of The RTA School of Media
Student Compilation created using music from RTA students - individual or bands they are in. There was no compilation CD created in 2009.
Energy Activities at RPI - slides
Part of Ryerson Energy Centre
This file contains photographic slides.
SCITEC Conference 1981 audio cassettes
Part of Ryerson Energy Centre
proceedings of the 1981 SCITEC conference arranged by the Ryerson Energy Centre contained on 15 audio cassettes.
President Terry Grier's 1988 Community Forum materials
Part of Office of the President
File includes two copies of the cassette tape of Terry Grier' forum April 27, 1989
Clevelands House Management workshop
Part of Office of the President
File contains records on the staff "Weekend Workshop" at Clevelands House September 17 - 19, 1971. Clevelands House is located in Minett, Ontario in the Muskokas on Lake Rousseau.
The file includes copies of the information manual, correspondence, attendance lists, and audio cassettes of the proceedings:
RG 12.196.02.01 Friday night - Donald Mordell
RG 12.196.02.02 Friday night - Dr. Yates
RG 12.196.02.03 Mordell summing up
RG 12.196.02.04 Don Stone and John Eriks
RG 12.196.02.05 Brainstorming friday night and Hugh Innis
RG 12.196.02.06 Saturday AM
RG 12.196.02.07 Saturday AM
RG 12.196.02.08 Open College and Panel
RG 12.196.02.09 Friday Night
RG 12.196.02.10 Saturday AM and Saturday PM start
Ryerson Athletic Centre (RAC) official opening
File contains a cassette audio recording of the grand opening of the Ryerson Athletic Centre (RAC).
Union Fair - audio recordings - 1987
The 1987 Ryerson Union Fair was held Wednesday March 11, 1987 and was held in Jorgenson Hall and the Film and Photography building. Included with the audio cassettes is a copy of the work order for the creation of the audiocassettes.
File contains 10 audio cassettes of the speaker series sessions:
RG 140.02.04.01.01 11 am session - "Bargaining for Equality: Unions and Employment Equity" by Cindy St. Clair
RG 140.02.04.01.02 12 pm session - "Free Trade: What Future for Canada?" by Jo Surich, Ontario Federation of Labour
RG 140.02.04.01.03 1 pm session - "Occupational Health and Safety: the Hazards of Work" by Gary Cwitco, Ontario Federation of Labour
RG 140.02.04.01.04 2 pm session - "New Technology at Work: Whose progress?" by Darcy Martin, Communications Workers of Canada
RG 140.02.04.01.05 3 pm session - "Unions against Apartheid: Labour and South Africa: by Brenda Webb, Ontario Public Service Employees Union (2 cassettes)
RG 140.02.04.01.06 4 pm session - "Labour and the Media: The Gainers Strike" by Ed Seymour, United Food and Commercial Workers Union (2 cassettes)
RG 140.02.04.01.07 5 pm session - "Equal Pay for Work of Equal Value" by Irene Harris, Canadian Union of Public Employees
RG 140.02.04.01.08 5:45 pm session - "Unionizing the Professions: Recent Trends" by Kathy Viner, Association of Television Producers and Directors
Ryerson Media Centre
Union Fair - audio recordings - 1988
The 1988 Ryerson Union Fair was held Wednesday March 9, 1988 and was held in Jorgenson Hall. Included with the audio cassettes is a copy of the work order for the creation of the audiocassettes.
File contains 6 audio cassettes of the speaker series sessions:
RG 140.02.04.02.01 - "Free Trade: What Future for Canada" by Jim Turk
RG 140.02.04.01.02 - "Technological Change at Work" by Darcy Martin
RG 140.02.04.01.03 - "The Role of Unions Today" by Donna Johanson and Mary Rowles
RG 140.02.04.01.04 - "Pay Equity: Equality at Work" by Julie Davis
RG 140.02.04.01.05 - "Labour and Social Change in Nicaragua" by Ron Pellerin, Jenny Green Memorial Lecture
RG 140.02.04.01.06 - "Privatization and Contracting out - In Whose Interest?" by David Pearce
Ryerson Media Centre
Phyllis Clarke memorial lectures promotional material
File consists of: posters, notices, memorabilia and a cassette tape.
Caribbean tourism in the eighties
Part of Ryerson International
File contains transcripts, and nine cassette tapes cover the speakers from May 13-15, 1980. The series was taped by Open College.
Video and Audio Cassette recordings of Eyeopener Protests
Part of The Eyeopener newspaper
The Eyeopener protested against the Toronto Star for the use of the name the `Eye' for their new publication. Coverage of this event was both on television and radio, October 17, 1991.
The Women and Planning conference was a one day conference held at Ryerson on May 1, 1982. The conference, dealing with the issues on women in the planning profession and the broader affect of planning on women in the community, was organized by a group called "Women In/And Planning - including Ryerson professor Pam Hitchcock. The event was sponsored by the Canadian Mortgage and Housing Corporation and the Secretary of State. The City of Toronto Planning and Development Department, The Centre for Urban and Community Studies at the University of Toronto, and Ryerson's Urban and Regional Planning Department were also involved.
File contains 1 copy of an article published in the "FORUM" newsletter April 23, 1982 about the conference, and 3 audio reel-to-reel tapes of conference sessions.
RG 150.37.01 audio reel "Interview Skills"
RG 150.37.02 audio reel "Differing Values of the Female and Male Planner"
RG 150.37.03 audio reel "Dual Role of Professional Women"
RG 150.37.04 article
CJRT miscellaneous audio programs
Part of CJRT Radio
File contains reel to reel audio tapes of programs:
WALTER GORDON with Hugh Innis, 1977 Reel 73
Dan Donnelly - CANAMERICAN UNION NOW with Hugh Innis, 1978 Reel 74
George Radwanski on "TRUDEAU" with Hugh Innis, 1978 Reel 75
Tom Symons "THE SYMONS REPORT" On Education with Hugh Innis, 1978 Reel 76
Jim Peters (Arab View Of Peace Accords), 1978 Reel 77
Murray Paulin on WAR AND PEACE Symposium, 1978 Reel 78
Dr. Murray Ross "THE UNIVERSITY ANATOMY OF ACADEME, 1978 Reel 79
Phyllis Clarke on TIM BUCK memoirs with Hugh Innis, 1978 Reel 80
Walter Pitman - Ryerson Funding Crisis, 1979 Reel 81
MAY MASKOW - Home Economics--FNCFS At Ryerson, 1980 Reel 82
Jim Peters On 101 Words And How They Began, 1979 Reel 116
Walter Pitman Speech: "A Polywhat?" 1980 Reel 117
Walter Pitman Speech: "Now Is Not Too Late", 1978 Reel 118
Annual meeting programs and audiocassette
Part of Ryerson Advisory Council
This file contains 2 programs to Annual Advisory Council Meetings (1970, 1971), and an audiocassette.
Audiocassette recording of "Electronics Today" #2 AM vs FM broadcasting. and the Ryerson Six (five?) - Peter Elombe, piano; Gerry Hicks, Guitar; El Sauro, Bass; Stan Harris, drums; and Fred Herm, vocals.
Part of RIOT
4 professional grade 1/4" audio reel to reel tapes containing audio from Riot '66 and Riot '67
RIOT Productions audio cassette recordings
Part of RIOT
Dubbed from originals from 1954 1961 1966 1967 1970 1973 and 1981
Fashion Dept. Promotional script on Cassette
Part of School of Fashion
File contains materials related to the School of Fashion's promotional video.
Board Secretariat Board Meeting Recordings
Part of Board of Governors
Various Board of Governors board meetings recorded on audio cassettes and reel to reel audio.
Board of Governors (BOG) Meeting Tape Recordings
Part of Board of Governors
File contains audio cassette tapes recording the BOG meetings from 1996-2000.
BOG Elections - Staff Candidates Speeches audiotape
Part of Board of Governors
File contains a promotional poster and a promotional audio clip created to advertised "The Best Ever Garage Sale" held in the parking garage at Gould and Dundas. The sale was held during Homecoming weekend on Saturday October 13, 1990.
Consultative Conference for Mutual Cooperation between Ryerson and Metropolitan Toronto report
Full title of the conference is: Consultative Conference for Mutual Co-operation between Ryerson and Metropolitan Toronto Culturally and Racially Diverse Community.
Material consists of three cassette recordings and a report prepared by Roberta Lander Markus.
First Ontario conference on home support services for elderly and disabled people
File contains textual material relating to the conference. Included is a draft of purposes and objectives for a home support association; a summary of conference evaluations; a handbook on home support programs; and conference schedules and registration forms.
Also included in the file are 3 audio cassettes:
1) Mental Health Issues and the Elderly - Mary K. Harrison and Kenneth Schulman, May 31 Plenary Session
2) The government and home support: present policy and future directions - Art Daniels, May 30 Plenary Session
3) Home Support in Ontario - Gordon Cressy, May 30 Issue Session
Women and Politics conference audiocassettes
File contains 19 master and 19 copy audiocassette recordings from the Women and Politics conference held November 7-8, 1986.
The tapes include:
RG 27.01.041.004.001 "Political Women tell what it takes" - forum held Friday November 7 at 7:00pm. Speakers included Iona Campagnolo, Barbara McDougall, and Alexa McDonough
RG 27.01.041.004.002 "Sex and Power" - Session held Saturday November 8 12:45-1:15pm.
Speaker was Christina McCall
RG 27.01.041.004.003 "Where do we go from here" - Session held Saturday November 8 3:45-4:15pm. Wrap up session led by conference organizing committee members Libby Burnham, Audrey Herrema, and Loraine Wilson
RG 27.01.041.004.004 "How to Make Government Work for you - Federal and Provincial" - Saturday November 8 morning workshop 1 9:45-11:45am. Workshop lead by Pauline Browes, Heather Peterson, Ruth Grier, and chaired by Margaret MacMillan
RG 27.01.041.004.005 "How to Make Government Work for you - Municipal and School Board" - Saturday November 8 morning workshop 2 9:45-11:45am. Workshop lead by Joanne Campbell, Beverly Salmon, Nadine Nowlan, Fran Endicott, and chaired by Pat Petersen
RG 27.01.041.004.006 "Running and Winning Part 1" - Saturday November 8 morning workshop 3 9:45-11:45am. Workshop lead by Maria Minna, Gina Brannan, Meg Griffiths, and chaired by Connie Bryant
RG 27.01.041.004.007 "Can you be a feminist in Politics" - Saturday November 8 morning workshop 4 9:45-11:45am. Workshop lead by Michele Landsberg, Lorna Marsden, and Chaviva Hosek
RG 27.01.041.004.008 "Mobilizing around issues" - Saturday November 8 afternoon workshop 1 1:30-3:30pm. Workshop lead by Maude Barlow, Ellen Campbell, Kay Sigurjonsson and chaired by Marilou McPhedran
RG 27.01.041.004.009 "Running and Winning Part 2" - Saturday November 8 afternoon workshop 2 1:30-3:30pm. Workshop lead by Elinor Caplan, Lynn McDonald, Bette Stephenson and chaired by Naomi Black
RG 27.01.041.004.010 "Influence and Power" - Saturday November 8 afternoon workshop 3 1:30-3:30pm. Workshop lead by Kay Stanley, Wendy Cuthbertson, Lucie Pepin and chaired by Sylvia Bashevkin
RG 27.01.041.004.011 "Dealing with the Press" - Saturday November 8 afternoon workshop 4 1:30-3:30pm. Workshop lead by Mary Lou Finlay, Judy Steed, and chaired by Sally Barnes.
Bill Gates visit to Ryerson materials
File contains materials created for and during Bill Gates visit to Ryerson. Event titled "Putting Technology to Work for Canada" was sponsored by Ryerson's Continuing Education division and was held Thursday August 19, 1993 from 9:15 - 10:30 am in the Ryerson Theatre.
Included in the file are an audio tape and an VHS tape of the lecture, posters, a ticket, a flyer, and newspaper clippings about Bill Gates.
Nutrition & International Development - professional development workshop
Part of School of Nutrition
This file contains materials related to a Nutrition and International Development workshop held at Ryerson, on June 30, 1984. Includes cassette with recording of proceedings and 2 notices about the workshop.
The workshop preceded the 9th International Congress of Dietetics, which was held in Toronto under the theme "Dietetics in the Global Village." The workshop was co-presented by CIDA (Canadian International Development Agency) and the Canadian Home Economics Association.
Sheard/Augustine/McKay Interview
Part of School of Nutrition
Audio and video copies of interviews with Sheard/Augustine Foundation principals. The foundation was established to support Aboriginal Student Services.
October 18, 1983. Speaker Robert S. Long, "A High Technology Strategy for Canada".October 20, 1983. Speaker Andy McMahon, "Modern Telecommunications and the Information Society: An Overview"
Part of Publications Committee
2 copies of the Ryersonia 1962, and 1 copy of Our Talking Yearbook vinyl record (sleeve inside front cover of the yearbook)
Part of Publications Committee
2 copies of the Ryersonia 1963 and 1 copy of Our Talking Yearbook vinyl record (record sleeve inside yearbook front cover)
This file contains Minutes/Agenda of the Committee meetings.
Jean Chretien Address on audio cassettes
Part of The Ryerson Theatre
File contains 2 cassette recordings of Jean Chretien's address at the Ryerson Theatre.
Installation of President Claude Lajeunesse
Part of Office of University Advancement
File contains installation invitations, programs, program/calendar of events, curriculum vitae, press kit, RSVP list, name badges, cassette recordings (Installation of Pres. Lajeunesse CA 12-9 and "New Initiatives Forum", CA 12-11/12, received through various sources.
Lajeunesse Interview Re. Ryerson Hate Crimes
Part of Office of University Advancement
President Claude Lajuenesse interviewed on CBC Radio, August 11, 2004 regarding the anti-Muslim hate crimes at Ryerson.
Walter Pitman farewell reception audio cassette
Part of Office of Information Services
Information Services cassettes
Part of Office of Information Services
File contains audiocassettes recorded by or collected by Information Services. Included are Bovey Commission hearings, presidential radio interviews, building openings, and press conferences.
CATE official opening audio cassette
Part of Office of Information Services
Walter Pitman on Betty Kennedy radio show cassette
Part of Office of Information Services
Ryerson programs radio advertisements
Part of Office of Information Services
Contains one audio cassette with Ryerson radio advertisements for various programs and different audiences.
BOG student reps: election radio announcement cassette
Part of Office of Information Services
Contains an audio-cassette recording of radio announcements for the election of the Board of Governors student representative. Recording on Side A and Side B of cassette.
Ryerson Amateur Radio new studio opening
Part of Ryeham Radio Club
File contains 2 audio cassettes recorded at the official opening of the new quarters for RyeHam - Ryerson's amateur radio club. The recording runs 22 minutes.
Reel-To-Reel:Seminar - Needs Of C.E. Students
Part of Ryerson Centre
This file contains an article "Extension students" published in Eye.
Board of Governors : Friend or Foe? audio tape
File contains reel-to-reel audio tape with the title "Board of Governors: Friend or Foe?"
Ryerson Teachers : What is Their Job? audio tapes
File contains reel-to-reel audio tapes on the subject, "Ryerson teachers: what is their job?"
File contains reel-to-reel audio tapes on the subject, "Daily Ryersonian discussion."
Academic Council/Senate meetings minutes and agenda
Part of Senate
An incomplete set of minutes, agendas, miscellaneous correspondence, and documentation pertaining to Academic Council meetings and later Senate meetings. Course related appendices from the earlier years have been removed and filed in the respective department documentation file. Many records created by Academic Council during the course of its business (policies, by-laws, committee and departmental/divisional council reports, course changes, membership lists, etc., can be found in this file.
Agenda and Minutes from 1994 to present can be found at https://www.torontomu.ca/senate/senate-meetings/agendas-meetings/agenda-minutes-archive/
Radiostudy - The Middle East reel to reel audio tapes
Part of CJRT-FM Open College
File contains 37 1/4" reel to reel audio tape on the subject of the Middle East. It also contains a copy of the syllabus for the 24 week study.
Gerontology Certificate program files
Part of CJRT-FM Open College
A collection of audio cassettes containing Open College lectures related to Gerontology
Cassettes: University Status News Conference, Forum
Part of Media Centre
File contains 4 audio-cassette recordings from the news conference and President's forum regarding Ryerson achieving University status.
Distance Education Workshops : Cassette Tapes, Brochures
Part of School of Distance Education
RG 791.03.01.01 One cassette recording of a workshop held at Ryerson on May 18th with keynote speaker Dr. John Daniel, Academic Vice-President of Athabaska University, Edmonton. Tape is of Dr. Daniel's luncheon address.
RG 791.03.01.02 Three cassette recordings of the Distance Education in Canada Workshop held at Ryerson May 28-29, co-hosted by the Canadian Association For Adult Education. President Walter Pitman presented the welcoming address on the evening of May 28.Tape 1: Welcome speech; Introduction of IssuesTape 2: Discussion of Issue I (Copyright) and Issue II (Course Sharing)Tape 3: Discussion of Issue III (Feedback); Plenary Session; Closing
RG 791.03.01.03 Three cassette recordings of a Ryerson workshop held on May 8 to discuss the implications of the President's Working Group on Distance Education and their policy recommendations. Participants were representative from the various departments across the campus. The guest speaker was Fr. John Daniel, Academic Vice-President of Athabaska University, Edmonton.
Hospitality Update '83 audio-cassettes
Audio-cassettes recorded at the 1983 Hospitality Update student conference held January 28 and 29. The January 29 recordings appear to have been done in two different locations.
RG 89.007.002.002.001: Tape 1: January 28, 1983 - Opening Symposium, 7:00pm - 8:15pm
RG 89.007.002.002.002: Tape 2: January 28, 1983 - Opening Symposium, 8:15pm - 10:00pm
RG 89.007.002.002.003: Tape 3: January 28-29, 1983 - A. Bernard Campbell, 10:00pm - 10:15pm. - B. Glen Blake, 9:15am - 10:00am
RG 89.007.002.002.004: Tape 4: January 29, 1983 10:00am - 12:23pm - A. Glen Blake and Atid Kaplan. - B. Atid Kaplan
RG 89.007.002.002.005: Tape 5: January 29, 1983 - A. Atid Kaplan and Patrick Wilson. - B. Patrick Wilson and Doreen Hamilton
RG 89.007.002.002.006: Tape 6: January 29, 1983 - Doreen Hamilton
RG 89.007.002.002.007: Tape 1: Room LIB 72 - January 29, 1983 - A. Barbara Pickett. - B. Eddie Florijn
RG 89.007.002.002.008: Tape 2: Room LIB 72 - January 29, 1983 - A. Eddie Florijn and John Cockburn. - B. John Cockburn and Patrick Wilson
RG 89.007.002.002.009: Tape 3: Room LIB 72 - January 29, 1983 - A. Bob Cowan and Questions. - B. Questions and Discussion
Brian Segal's address to the Ryerson Faculty Association
Brian Segal, President of Ryerson Polytechnical Institute, addressed the Ryerson Faculty Association's Professional Affairs meeting on November 17, 1982. President Segal spoke about making Ryerson truly a "Polytechnic University in fact as well as name". He addressed the changes the needed to be undertaken. An article was published in the "Forum" newsletter November 26, 1982 regarding his address.
File contains 2 copies of the 60 minute speech.
Ryerson Media Centre
Cassette : Interview with Donald Mordell
Part of School of Journalism
The interview of former Ryerson president, Donald Mordell, was conducted by Norbert Rogan.
Mordell, Donald
Atkinson Lectures - audio cassettes
Part of School of Journalism
Thirteen audio cassette recorded Atkinson Lectures ranging in dates between 1975 and 1985. The recordings were undertaken by Ryerson's Media Centre in LIB 72.
Recordings include:
RG 95.48.03.01 Harrison Salisbury - February 5, 1975
RG 95.48.03.02 Denis Cecil HIlls - September 30, 1975 [2 cassettes]
RG 95.48.03.03 Pierre Berton - January 20, 1976
RG 95.48.03.04 Frank Drea - April 4, 1978
RG 95.48.03.05 Seymour M. Hersh - October 19, 1983 [5 cassettes]
RG 95.48.03.06 Oakland Ross - October 16, 1984 [2 cassettes]
RG 95.48.03.07 Tape 2, 1985 [no speaker indicated]
Ryerson Media Centre