Items depict family from Prague posing, often with dogs. Come with a note. Purchased in 1992.

Item is a hand coloured albumen print, possibly done in watercolours. The print shows part of St. Marks Square, the Dodges Palace and a view of the Church of San Giorgio Maggiore.

Items are portraits, primarily of individuals but there are also a few of pairs and families
1 Cartes de Visite by Fowler & Co.
6 Cartes de Visite by Fowler & Oliver
11 Cartes de Visite by S. H. Ray
1 Cartes de Visite by Daniel Jones
1 Cartes de Visite by Hunter & Co.
1 Cartes de Visite by G. Villiers
1 Cartes de Visite by P. M. Laws
1 Cartes de Visite by Baldwin Chambers
1 Cartes de Visite by Howett & Co.
1 Cartes de Visite by Emily Stewart
1 Cartes de Visite by K. K. Hof-Atelier
1 Cartes de Visite by Cramb Brothers
1 Cartes de Visite by Epinal & Bruyeres
1 Cartes de Visite by B. F. Troxell
1 Cartes de Visite by L. H. Mandeville
1 Cartes de Visite by P. Dierlamm
1 Cartes de Visite by Turner
1 Cartes de Visite by F. Bedford
1 Cartes de Visite by Mundy & Williams
1 Cartes de Visite by Thomas & Orr
3 Cartes de Visite by J. Hugill
2 Cartes de Visite by Esson
4 Cartes de Visite by T. Gourley
1 Cartes de Visite by O. Monroe
2 Cartes de Visite by Milne
3 Cartes de Visite by W. E. Lindop
2 Cartes de Visite by Symonds
1 Cartes de Visite by R. H. Furman
1 Cartes de Visite by E. Williamson
1 Cartes de Visite by Jas. A. Brush
1 Cartes de Visite by David Campbell
1 Cartes de Visite by Stiff Bros.
3 Cartes de Visite by Frank Cooper
1 Cartes de Visite by G. W. Wilson
1 Cartes de Visite by A. M. Campbell
1 Cartes de Visite by A. Johnston
1 Cartes de Visite by C. H. Williamson
1 Cartes de Visite by W. H. Brewer
1 Cartes de Visite by T. Bennett
2 Cartes de Visite by Scott & Andrus
1 Cartes de Visite by Johnson
1 Cartes de Visite by Jas. Egan
1 Cartes de Visite by Mrs. Dr. J. Hitchcock
1 Cartes de Visite by Wm. Morris
1 Cartes de Visite by Elliot & Fry
2 Cartes de Visite by London Stereoscopic and Photographic Co.
1 Cartes de Visite by Pech & Wolf
3 Cartes de Visite by W. S. Gamsby
1 Cartes de Visite by Gamsby & Scott
1 Cartes de Visite by Foster
1 Cartes de Visite by A. W. Ferguson
1 Cartes de Visite by J. F. Aitken
1 Cartes de Visite by Real's Art Gallery
1 Cartes de Visite by Campbell
1 Cartes de Visite by R. A. Lewis
3 Cartes de Visite by Mora
1 Cartes de Visite by J. E. Mast
1 Cartes de Visite by Lew. E. Nabors
1 Cartes de Visite by Jabez Hughes
1 Cartes de Visite by C. H.Wright & Co.
1 Cartes de Visite by Landy
1 Cartes de Visite by Smith
1 Cartes de Visite by Anderson
1 Cartes de Visite by C. H. Jensen
1 Cartes de Visite by Macy
1 Cartes de Visite by Gurney & Son
1 Cartes de Visite by Gurney
1 Cartes de Visite by J. H. Griffiths
1 Cartes de Visite by E. Fehrenbach
1 Cartes de Visite by Batchelder & Co.
1 Cartes de Visite by A. W. Fraser
1 Cartes de Visite by Farmer Bros.
1 Cartes de Visite by Strong
1 Cartes de Visite by Brock & Co.
1 Cartes de Visite by Henderson
1 Cartes de Visite by Charles D. Fredericks & Co.
1 Cartes de Visite by J. Henry Hogg
1 Cartes de Visite by Howell
1 Cartes de Visite by J. Adams
1 Cartes de Visite by Hamilton
1 Cartes de Visite by Rockwood
1 Cartes de Visite by P. H. Green
1 Cartes de Visite by E. Williamson
1 Cartes de Visite by E. S. Haddock
1 Cartes de Visite by Frank Thomas
1 Cartes de Visite by Carl Kroh
1 Cartes de Visite by R. Ward
1 Cartes de Visite by C. F. Harriston
1 Cartes de Visite by Barry
1 Cartes de Visite by L. H. Mandeville
1 Cartes de Visite by W. S. Wheeler
1 Cartes de Visite by Franke & Kracher
68 Cartes de Visite by unidentified publishers

Item consists of a card of a Prussian monument with people posing and walking around.

A Helioscopic Magic Lantern with its original three-wick oil light tank. This model was created by English lantern and slide manufacturer and retailer Walter Clement Tyler, who opened a shop in London in 1885. The Helioscopic is one of Tyler's best known lantern, which went through several models. This lantern has the registration number 75681

A Large mahogany and brass magic lantern, patent number 3386 (the patent for paraffin burning lamps)

Red lacquered, barrel shaped children's toy magic lantern. Simple model that could be used with a candle. Manufactured by the German toy company 'Gebrüder Bing'. Ignaz Bing and his brother Adolph Bing founded the retail company selling household items in 1863 and began to manufacture their own toys in the late 1870s.

Lantern with a black lacquered lantern body, a brass adjustable thread objective lens and an extendable chimney. This type of magic lantern would be used for presentations in large halls, and for educational uses in schools.

The manufacturer is most likely Laterne Universelle Clement et Gilmer (C&G), a French company established in the late 1800s in Paris. They produced lanterns with similar ornamental cutouts, and their lantern models had chimneys with adjustable heights.

Simple magic lantern model mounted on a wood base. This lantern has the GBN (Gerbruder Bing Nurenberg) diamond trademark and the patent D.R.G.M. mark impressed on the back. The flap on the back of the lantern has a mirror to reflect the interior light source. This object is missing its chimney, but the 'Pharus' Model lantern by GBN should have a distinguishable crescent top chimney.

Copy of the Charter of Paris for a New Europe signed at the 1990 Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe by attendees. This includes Helmut Kohl, Federal Chancellor of Germany; George Bush, President of The United States of America; Franz Vranitzky, Federal Chancellor of Austria; Wilfried Martens, Prime Minister of Belgium; Jelyu Jelev, President of Bulgaria; Brian Mulroney, Prime Minister of Canada; George Vassiliou, President of Cyprus; Poul Schluter, Prime Minister of Denmark; Felipe Gonzalez Marquez, Prime Minister of Spain; Mauno Koivisto, President of Finland; Francois Mitterrand, President of France; Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom; Constantin Mitsotakis, Prime Minister of Greece; Jozsef Antall, Prime Minister of Hungary; Charles J. Haughey, Taoiseach of Ireland; Steingrimur Hermannsson, Prime Minister of Iceland; Giulio Andreotti, President of the Council of Ministers and Jacques Delors, President of the Commission of the European Communitites, Italy; Hans Brunhart, Head of Government of Liechtenstein; Jacques Santer, Prime Minister of Luxembourg; Edward Fenech Adami, Prime Minister of Malta; Jean Ausseil, Minister of State of the Principality Monaco; Gro Harlem Brundtland, Prime Minister of Norway; Ruud F. M. Lubbers, Prime Minister of the Netherlands; Tadeusz Mazowiecki, President of the Council of Ministers Poland; Anibel Cavaco Silva, Prime Minister of Portugal; Ion Iliescu, President of Romania; Gabriele Gatti, Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs San Marino; Cardinal Agostiono Casaroli, Secretary of State of His Holiness The Vatican; Ingvar Carlsson, Prime Minister of Sweden; Arnold Koller, President of the Confederation, Head of the Federal Department of Justice and Police for the Swiss Confederation; Vaclav Havel, President of the Czeck and Slovak Federal Republic; Turgut Ozal, President of Turkey; Mikhail Gorbachev, President of the U. S. S. R.; and Borisav Jovic, President of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

Copy of "Final Report of the Canadian Delegation - Second United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) Preparatory Committee Meeting". The meeting took place in Geneva, Switzerland March 18th - April 5th, 1991.

Copy of the "Living Arctic: Hunters of the Canadian North" an exhibition at the Museum of Mankind sponsored by Indigenous Survival International (Canada) 1987-1990. Book is a report and exhibit catalogue. Exhibit was a the British Museum in London, England.

Item is a wooden and brass stereoscope with wooden hood cover. This object was used to view two nearly identical photographs, or stereographs, as one three dimensional image. The stereograph would be placed in the sliding card holder and adjusted to fit the user's vision until the two images overlap to mimic a three-dimensional effect. Item is a box type viewer which folds into it's own storage case. Additional reflector can be placed in adjustable brass arms to illuminate transparencies with its white or mirrored side. Viewer is mounted on underside of the lid case. Once inverted and lowered into the box the base becomes the the cover. Lock on either side designed to hold object in place. Later versions of this object included storage units for both viewer and slides. Such as a vertical model able to adjust the viewer to a convenient height and a horizontal cabinet to house stereoviews.

Written on lenses: Achromatic Smith Beck & Beck; Stereoscope 31 Cornell London.

Item is a novelty compact collapsible tinplate stereoscope given as a premium from cigarette brands. The cover of the object is built in the shape of a small book. It is detailed with green, gold and yellow floral designs. Once item is unlocked, a viewer with small lenses pops out parallel to a small folding card holder. The lenses slide in and out horizontally and the built in round topped frame move back and forth. Object was built like this to allow the user to focus. Stereoviews are 40 mm. Viewing lenses are 60 mm in focal length. This object was used to view two nearly identical photographs, or stereographs, as one three dimensional image. The stereograph would be placed in the card holder and adjusted to fit the user's vision until the two images overlap to mimic a three-dimensional effect.This stereoscope comes with 12 black and white silver gelatin stereographs of Victorian Celebrities.

Written on object : The Pocket Rotoscope The Rotary Photographic Co. Lo. 12 New Union St. London, E.C. Works, West Drayton, Midd With 12 Real Photographic Stereograms Views, Staturary, Celebrities, Children, Comic Scenes, Etc. Patented Ro. No. 442.342.

Item is a cardboard boxed filled with 54 stereoscopic images. Item comes with one handheld, compact, metal accordion fold black stereoscope. This object was used to view two nearly identical photographs, or stereographs, as one three dimensional image. The stereograph would be placed in the sliding card holder and adjusted to fit the user's vision until the two images overlap to mimic a three-dimensional effect. Images are vernacular photographs sent to A.P. Manners Ltd. to develop, print, and then return images to photographers. Written by previous owners on a small yellow post-it-note : recoverying from W.W. II English Military Sectary.

Written on box : A.P. Manners Ltd. Finest Quality Developing, Printing, Enlarging and 35 mm Process In Services Photographic and Cine Specialists, 11 Westover Road, Bournemouth.

Item is made of black plastic. Lens and stereoscopic image fold up from bottom plate that reads "Made in England. Design Registered." Missing backing behind images. Comes with a stereograph of a parade

Item consists of a View-Master Stereoscope manufactured by Sawyers Inc., with 18 reels, and a View-Master Reel List catalogue of available View-Master reels, dated September, 1951.

Sawyers first introduced the Stereoscope at the New York World Fair (1939-1940). The 3D viewer is made of plastic and metal. Reel shows 7 diametrical, 16 mm kodachrome transparencies of famous global landmarks, characters from popular culture, major events etc. The push-down lever on the side of the viewer will rotate the reel one frame at a time. Reels are interchangeable and come with a variety of themes often ordered through a View-Master catalogue.

Reels included are as follows:

111 Redwood Highway 1 California USA
186 Palm Springs California USA
188 Santa Barbara California USA
189 San Juan Capistrano Mission California USA
219 Holywood California USA
221 Los Angeles California USA
222 Tournament of Roses Pasadena California, USA
220 Homes of Movie Stars Hollywood California USA
289 Desert Cactus in Bloom
405-407 The Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II (3 reels, with story booklet)
710 Firefighters in Action (with story booklet)
800 Bugs Bunny and Elmer Fudd the Hunter
810 Tom and Jerry in the Cat Trapper
945 Roy Rogers King of the Cowboys & "Trigger"
950 Gene Autrey and His Wonder Horse "Champion"
960 Cisco Kid (Duncan Renaldo) and Pancho (Leo Carrillo)
Sam 1 - Adventure of Sam Sawyer: Sam Flies to the Moon (with story booklet)

Item is a stereograph that depicts the Rue di Rivoli in Paris. Buildings line the one side and people are walking and travelling in carriages down it.

1 photo album, with a burgundy and gold cover. Images focus on telling short stories, specific locations and people. Comes with a couple brochures for a stereoscopic exhibit by James Ricalton that focuses on the world.

1 photo album, with a tan/gold cover. Images focus on people/families, nature and locations

1 photo album, with a green/black cover that has a gold border. Images focus on famous locations in Italy

Volumes list all the stereocards in a series and then describe each card, including the significance of the depiction. Certain volumes are accompanied by maps and plans.
Real Children in Many Lands
Italy: Through the Stereoscope
Norway: Through the Stereoscope
Russia: Through the Stereoscope
The United States: Through the Stereoscope
Traveling in the Holy Land: Through the Stereoscope(Have 3 of this title)
Palestine: Through the Stereoscope
Jerusalem: Through the Stereoscope
Part I - A Trip to Jerusalem: Through the Stereoscope

Slide depicts the Big Ben and the English Parliament Buildings

Item is a set of wheel type stereographs that depict the wonders of the world. Each wheel focuses on a different set of wonders: ancient, modern, or natural and the list describing what each wheel portrays is on the back of the packet. Also comes with a 16 page color illustrated booklet.

Item is a wheel type stereograph that depicts the wedding of King Baudouin and Queen Fabiola of Belgium. Scenes include their procession, the ceremony, the new Queen greeting the crowd.

Item is a child's, oil lamp magic lantern set manufactured by German company Ernst Planck. The set contains a tin projector, two-part lens, oil lamp, and 12 lantern slides. Instructions for use are printed in German, French, and English on the underside of the box lid, and are as follows:

"Directions for using. Place the Lantern on a table, the lenses facing a smooth white sheet at a distance of about 3-5 feet. See that the wich of the lamp is cut even, then light the lamp which you have filled with petroleum. Let the flame be as large as it is possible without smooting. Put the lamp into the lantern in a way that the screw of the wick is on one side. Now place the slide upside down in the lantern, adjusting the focusing tube by moving it either in or out until the picture is distinctly seen on the white sheet. If the table is at a farther distance, the pictures will be much larger, but not as distinct. The nearer the lantern is standing to the sheet, the more distinct but smaller the pictures will be. The room must be perfectly dark. "

Item consists of a program for a musical called West Side Story by Arthur Laurents, Leonard Bernstein, and Stephen Sondheim at the Streatham Hill Theatre (UK) in the summer of 1961.

Item consists of a program for a play called Time and Yellow Roses by Lesley Storm at the St. Martin's Theatre (UK) in the summer of 1961.

Item consists of a program for a concert called the Henry Wood Promenade Concerts, held at the Royal Albert Hall (UK) on August 18, 1961.

Item consists of a program for a dance presentation called Jerome Robbins' "Ballets: U.S.A.", held at the Saville Theatre (UK) between August 1-19, 1961.

Item consists of a program for a play called 'Tis Pity She's a Whore by John Ford, held at the MermaidTheatre (UK) after August 29, 1961.

Item consists of a program for a musical called Oliver! by Lionel Bart, held at the New Theatre (UK) in the fall of 1961.

Item consists of a program for a play called Altona by Jean-Paul Sartre, held at the Saville Theatre (UK) in the fall of 1961.

Item consists of a program for a play called The Devils by John Whiting, presented by the Royal Shakespeare Company at the Aldwych Theatre (UK) in the fall of 1961.

Item consists of a program for a play called Billy Liar by Keith Waterhouse and Willis Hall, presented at the Cambridge Theatre (UK) in the fall of 1961.

Item consists of a program for a play called Ondine by Jean Girardoux, presented by the Royal Shakespeare Company at the Aldwych Theatre (UK) in the fall of 1961.

Item consists of a program for a play called The Rehearsal by Jean Anouilh, presented at the Globe Theatre (UK) in the fall of 1961.

Item consists of a program for a film presentation of a Russian Ballet film called Othello (u) presented at the Royal Festival Hall (UK) between July 23 - September 10, 1961.

Item consists of a program for a film presentation of a Russian opera film featuring the Bolshoi Theatre cast called The Queen of Spades, presented at the Royal Festival Hall (UK) between July 23 - September 10, 1961.

Item consists of a program for a play called The Hollow Crown by John Barton, presented by the Royal Shakespeare Company at the Aldwych Theatre (UK) in the fall of 1961.

Item consists of a program for a play called Twelfth Night by Shakespeare, presented at the Old Vic (UK) in the fall of 1961.

Item consists of a program for a revue called One Over the Eight, presented at the Duke of York's Theatre (UK) in the fall of 1961.

Item consists of a program for a play called The Miracle Worker by William Gibson, presented at the Wyndham's Theatre (UK) in the fall of 1961.

Item consists of a program for a musical called The Sound of Music by Rodgers and Hammerstein, presented at the Palace Theatre (UK) in the fall of 1961.

Item consists of a program for a play called The Taming of the Shrew, by Shakespeare, presented by the Royal Shakespeare Company at the Aldwych Theatre (UK) in the fall of 1961.

Item consists of a program for a play called King Lear, by Shakespeare, presented by the Royal Shakespeare Company at the Aldwych Theatre (UK) in the fall of 1961.

Item consists of a program for an opera called Fidelio, by Beethoven, at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden (UK) on September 25, 1961.

Item consists of a program for an opera called Die Walküre, by Wagner, at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden (UK) on September 29, 1961.

Item consists of a program for a pair of plays called The American Dream and The Death of Bessie Smith by Edward Albee, presented at the Royal Court Theatre (UK) in October of 1961.

Item consists of a program for an opera called Falstaff, by Verdi, at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden (UK) on October 7, 1961.

Item consists of a program for a play called Luther by John Osborne, presented at the Phoenix Theatre (UK) in October of 1961.

Item consists of a program for a ballet presentation of Antigone, Symphonic Variations, and The Firebird, presented by the Royal Ballet at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden (UK) on November 4, 1961.

Item consists of a program for a series of plays under the banner of Counterpoint: Soldier from the wars returning, by David Capton, Barnstable, by James Saunders, and A Night Out, by Harold Pinter. The performance was presented at the Comedy Theatre (UK) in November of 1961.

Item consists of a program for an opera called Madama Butterfly, by Puccini, at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden (UK) on November 14, 1961.

Item consists of a program for a play called Bonne Soupe, by Felicien Marceau, presented at the Comedy Theatre (UK) in November of 1961.

Item consists of a program for a ballet presentation of Ondine, presented by the Royal Ballet at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden (UK) on November 21, 1961.

Item consists of a program for an opera presentation from Sadler's Wells Opera, including The Nightingale and Oedipus Rex, presented at the Sadler's Wells Theatre (UK) in November of 1961.

Item consists of a program for an opera called Aida, by Verdi, at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden (UK) on November 29, 1961.

Item consists of a program for an opera presentation from Sadler's Wells Opera, of Il Trovatore, presented at the Sadler's Wells Theatre (UK) in November of 1961.

Item consists of a program for a ballet presentation of The Sleeping Beauty, presented by the Royal Ballet at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden (UK) on December 1, 1961.

Item consists of a program for a play called The Comedy of Errors by William Shakespeare at the Aldwych Theatre (London) in late 1962.

Item consists of a program for a play called Sail Away by Noel Coward at the Savoy Theatre (London) in late 1962.

Item consists of a program for a play called Heartbreak House by George Bernard Shaw at Wyndham's Theatre (London) in late 1962.

Item consists of a program for a play called Fings Ain't Wot They Used T'Be by Frank Norman at the Garrick Theatre (London) in late 1962.

Item consists of a program for an opera called The Girl of the Golden West by Puccini at Sadler's Wells Theatre (London) in late 1962.

Item consists of a program for a play called The Irregular Verb to Love by Hugh and Margaret Williams at the Criterion Theatre (London) in late 1962.

Item consists of a program for a play called Mourning Becomes Electra by Eugene O'Neill at the Old Vic Theatre (London) in late 1962.

Item consists of a program for a play called The Oresteia by Aeschylus at the Oxford Playhouse (Oxford) in late 1962.

Item consists of a program for an opera called Orpheus in the Underworld by Offenbach at Sadler's Wells Theatre (London) in late 1962.

Item consists of a program for an opera called Let's Make an Opera! by Britten/Crozier at the Vaudeville Theatre (London) in late 1962.

Item consists of a program for a play called Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme at Comédie-Française (Paris) in January 1963.

Item consists of a program for an opera called Die Fledermaus by Strauss at Sadler's Wells Theatre (London) in January 1963.

Item consists of a program for a play called Lock Up Your Daughters by Bernard Miles at Her Majesty's Theatre (London) in January 1963.

Item consists of a program for an opera called Faust at Palais-Garnier (Paris) in January 1963.

Item consists of a program for a play called Hamlet by Shakespere at Théatre de France (Odeon) (Paris) in January 1963.

Item consists of a program for an opera called Tosca at Palais-Garnier (Paris) in January 1963.

Item consists of a program for a play called Les petits renards (The Little Foxes) by Lillian Hellman at Théatre Sarah Bernhardt in January 1963.

Item consists of a program for an opera called Les pêcheurs de perles at Palais-Garnier (Paris) in January 1963.

Item consists of a program for an opera presentation called Zimmermann and Die Soldaten, presented at the Deutsche Oper am Rhein (Dusseldorf, Germany), attended on 22 December 1971.

Item consists of a program for an opera presentation called Die Fledermaus, by Strauss presented at the Theatre des Westens (Berlin, Germany), attended in December 1971.

Item consists of a program for an opera presentation called Der Rosenkavalier presented at the Deutsche Oper Berlin (Berlin, Germany), attended on 26 December 1971.

Item consists of a program for an opera presentation called Die Meistersinger von Nurnberg, presented at the Deutsche Oper am Rhein (Dusseldorf, Germany), attended on 1 January 1972.

Item consists of a program for play called Butley, by Simon Gray, presented at the Criterion Theatre (UK), attended in early 1972.

Item consists of a program for play called Peter Pan, by J.M. Barrie, presented at the London Coliseum (UK), attended in early 1972.

Item consists of a program for a musical called The Phantom of the Opera, by Andrew Lloyd Webber, presented at Her Majesty's Theatre, London, in 1987.

Item consists of a program for a musical called Chess, by Benny Andersson and Bjorn Ulvaeus, presented at the Prince Edward Theatre, London, on 7 May 1987. Item includes a ticket stub from this performance.

Item consists of a program for a cabaret performance called Ridgeway's Late Joys at the Players' Theatre Club in London. Handwritten notes reflect this was attended on 8 May, 1987, and the programme has been signed by several performers.

Item consists of a program for a musical called Kiss Me, Kate at the Old Vic Theatre in London in May 1987.

Item consists of a program for Tchaikovsky's Swan Lake with The New London Orchestra. It was presented by Adventures in Motion Pictures and first performed at the theatre on September 9, 1996. Includes a newspaper clipping review and an image from the performance.

Item consists of a program for By Jeeves, the Alan Ayckbound and Andrew Lloyd Webber Musical presented at the Dukes of York's Theatre. Includes a small newspaper clipping with an image from the production.

Item consists of a program for Martin Guerre at the Prince Edward Theatre. Includes a newspaper review clipping and an image from the production.

Item consists of a program for The Ruffian on the Star, a play by Joe Orton. Presented by Trilogies and performed at The Man in the Moon Theatre.

Item consists of a program for Diary of a Somebody by John Lahr at the Ramshorn Theatre.

Item consists of a program for a play called Vincent in Brixton by Nicholas Wright presented by the National Theatre at Wyndhams Theatre (UK), attended October 2002. Item includes a clipping from this production.

Item consists of clippings, brochure, and ticket stub for a musical called Chitty Chitty Bang Bang presented at the London Palladium (UK), attended October 21 2002.

Item consists of a program for a play called Breath of Life by David Hare presented at the Theatre Royal, Haymarket (UK), attended October 2002. Item includes a clipping from this production.