<photography and photographic processes and techniques>

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Code

300149146

Scope note(s)

  • (<image-making processes and techniques>, <processes and techniques by specific type>, Processes and Techniques (hierarchy name))

Source note(s)

  • Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus

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Hierarchical terms

<photography and photographic processes and techniques>

Equivalent terms

<photography and photographic processes and techniques>

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<photography and photographic processes and techniques>

309 Archival description results for <photography and photographic processes and techniques>

"Pictures taken with Kodaks" (wooden folding advertisement)

Item consists of a standing, yellow painted wooden, 4-section frame containing 16 photographs taken with Kodak cameras and printed on Kodak papers. Each image lists the camera that was used to take the photograph, along with the name of the paper it was printed on. Cameras include Baby Brownie, Six-20 Duo, Six-20 Junior, Six-16 Kodak, the Retina, and the Jiffy Kodak VP.

3D stereobox stereoscopic viewer

Item is a green plastic view master with original box packaging. Three-dimensional colour transparency reel depicts frontier puppets. Reels are interchangeable. Reels are inserted into the top of the view master and switched by the plastic push down lever on the side.

Advertising Brochure for Keystone Stereoscopic Viws

The form advertises that stereoscopic photographs by Keystone View Co. can now be borrowed at the local library and viewed using the stereoscopic viewers they have available. Brochure outlines what they are, the process and contextualizes the cards, stating that they also carry pictures for rural people. Also includes images of people looking at the cards and a couple pictures of people going through the process to borrow stereocards

Assorted Gelatin Silver Prints

Portraits of people by different publishers:
1 print by G. Marr
1 print by Evans & Hastings
1 print by Ea. Ray
1 print by McVey
2 prints by Edy Bros.
1 print by J. J. Schmidt
1 print by the Maitland Studio
1 print by Dixon
1 print by Hadden's Studio
2 prints by Mickelthamite
16 prints by unidentified publishers, one has a swastika on the front cover

Big Bird 3D camera viewer

Item is a blue plastic camera shaped three-dimensional viewer. The 3D viewer has a built-in reel of 7 diametrical, 16 mm colour transparencies of Sesame Street characters teaching the alphabet. Unlike traditional View-Masters, this reel cannot be removed. A small Big Bird with his own camera sits on top of the body of the viewer. This object was designed for children's entertainment and education. A orange push down button on the front of the camera is used to switch scenes. Written on the front of the camera is the Sesame Street Logo.

Colorburst 100 Camera

Item is a battery-powered Colourburst 100 instant camera with a Magicflash. The camera was produced by Kodak to replace the EK4 and was priced to compete with the Polaroid Pronto! series. It has a tiny electric motor powered by one J‐size battery that is good for a minimum of 10 packs of film. This model also has a low‐light signal that indicates when you should switch to flash.
Colorburst cameras offer a focusing scale around the lens, and a zooming circle in the finder as a focusing aid. This model has an automatic electronic shutters, focus‐linked flash automation, and a sensor that prevents the flash from firing if the safety cover is in place or the film pack is empty.

Colorburst 200 Camera

Item is a battery-powered Colourburst 200 instant camera. The camera was produced by Kodak to replace the EK6 and was priced to compete with the Polaroid Pronto! series. It has a tiny electric motor powered by one J‐size battery that is good for a minimum of 10 packs of film. This model also has a low‐light signal that indicates when you should switch to flash, as well as a battery check light.
Colorburst cameras offer a focusing scale around the lens, and a zooming circle in the finder as a focusing aid. This model has an automatic electronic shutters, focus‐linked flash automation, and a sensor that prevents the flash from firing if the safety cover is in place or the film pack is empty

Colorburst 350 Camera

Item is a battery-powered Colourburst 350 instant camera with an electronic flash and close-up lens. It retailed for $96.50 USD when it came on the market.
Camera has faceplate attached; rare, as in 1976 Polaroid launched a lawsuit against Eastman Kodak for patent infringement. After a fifteen year legal battle, Polaroid won and Kodak wrote them a check for $925 million, which was the largest settlement ever paid in a patent trial and Judge Rya Sobel barred the company from the instant-photo business. Due a class-action suit, Kodak then had to buy back the cameras for as it could no longer supply film so it offered a refund for customers if they mailed in the faceplate.

Coronet "3-D"

Item is an inexpensive plastic "3-D" stereo camera made by the Coronet Camera Company. The camera has a binocular viewfinder for 4 stereo pairs or 8 single exposures and uses 127 film for 4.5 x 5 cm exposures, featuring a single speed shutter, 1/50, and a twin f11 meniscus fixed-focus lenses.

Countdown 70 Camera

Item is a Polaroid instant camera with a plastic body, it originally sold for $74.95, but now usually sells for around $20. It comes with a Polaroid focused flash and a built-in mechanical timer. Serial number is EX119478.

Countdown 90 Camera

Item is a Polaroid instant camera with a plastic body, it originally sold for $92.95, but now usually sells for around $10. It comes with a manual. It comes with a Polaroid focused flash and has a glass lens with an aperture of f/8.8.

Fed CTEPEO stereo camera

Item is a 35mm stereo camera with CdS metering. Manual or automatic exposure. 24 x 29mm images. Industar-81 F2.8/38mm lenses. Comes with leather pouch, sun shades, small parts, and hard plastic case.

Fiarchild Aerial Camera

Item is a typical handheld camera using 5.7 inch roll film. The transport is by a built-in clockwork (one shot at a time) to be wound by a large lever at the left of the body to generate a flat film plane. Some suction is generated during exposure. Shutter is made by Ilex (Rochester NY) 1/125, 1/250, 1/500 sec.The lens is also by Ilex Optical Co - Paragon Anasigmat f6.3. Accessories include 1 38mm Yellow Filter and 2 Metal Slides.

GAF red and white view-master (Model G)

Item is a handheld red and white plastic View-Master containing a promotional reel of 7 diametrical, 16 mm colour transparencies sold through GAF. The 3D viewer was manufactured by GAF Corporation in Portland, Oregon, USA. The lever on the side of the viewer will rotate the reel one frame at a time once pressed. Item is made of plastic and metal. Reels are interchangeable. In 1939, General Aniline & Film Corporation (GAF) merged with Agfa-Ansco, finally operating under Anitec until 1998. Item comes in original packaging. Written on object : GAF (Canada) Ltd. 70 Alexdon Rd. Drownsview On.

Handle II Camera

Item is a battery-powered Handle II instant camera with an option for exposure control and crank handle ejection. Flash is a Kodak Instant Flash Model A attachment; lens is 100 mm, f/12.7; shutter is an electronic 2-1/300. Due to a lawsuit against Eastman Kodak for patent infringement, which the company lost, Kodak was forced to pay a large settlement fee and stop producing instant cameras and film.

In-camera processing (instant) cameras

Series consists of cameras that combine exposure and development in one step to create photographs instantaneously.
While Polaroid is by far the most well known of these cameras, the first patent for instant photography was for the Dubroni, a French wet plate camera, designed so that the glass plate could be sensitized and developed by pouring the chemicals over the plate through a tube in the camera. Later cameras were developed so small tintypes (1895) and direct paper positives (1913) could be made quickly for tourists on busy streets.
But it was the Polaroid Corporation that made instant photography a household item, beginning in 1937 when Edwin Land's young daughter's desire to see her photograph immediately, inspired him to develop the Polaroid's first instant camera: the Land Camera.

The Heritage Collection also contains Kodak Instant Cameras; produced in the late 1970's, they spawned a patent infringement lawsuit from the Polaroid corporation that resulted in the recall all of instant Kodak models sold and the discontinuation of their production.

To browse the individual items in this series, click on the "View the list" link under the "File and item records are available for this series" title (to the right of the page).

Source: <a href="http://www.shutterbug.com/content/it%E2%80%99s-instant%E2%80%94-it%E2%80%99s-not-polaroid-pre-and-post-polaroids-1864-1976">Wade, John. "It's Instant - But It's Not Polaroid: Pre- And-PostPolaroids, From 1864 to 1976." Shutterbug : Published May 1, 2012.</a>

Keystone 60 Second Everflash 800 Camera

Item is an instant camera, with a plastic body and hand strap, that usually sells for around $80. Features include: two exposure settings of black and white or colour, a manual exposure control through a lighten/darken switch, 2 distance settings, focusing options of 3.5" to infintiy and the option to turn the flash on or off.

Keystone 60 Second Everflash 850 Camera

Item is an instant camera, with a plastic body and hand strap, that usually sells for around $80. Features include: two exposure settings of black and white or colour, a manual exposure control through a lighten/darken switch, 2 distance settings and the option to turn the flash on or off.

Keystone Ophthalmic Telebinocular Viewer

Item is an Ophthalmic Telebinocular Viewer manufactured by Keystone View Co., for use in optometry for vision testing. To be used with Keystone stereoscopic target slides. Item includes metal box, with two stereoscopic photographs of the Grand Canyon. Engraved on object: "Keystone View Co. Meadville. PA. USA. Patented No.1.703.787"

Keystone Wizard XF1000 (SX-70) Camera

Item is an instant camera, with a plastic body, that usually sells for around $60. Features include: a plastic 115mm f/8.8 lens, an electric eye with manual exposure control through a lighten/darken dial, a viewfinder, flash, tripod socket, and a focus that requires the photographer to estimate the distance from the subject. It uses Polaroid SX-70 instant film without being manufactured by Polaroid, an issue that resulted in Polaroid filing an infringement suit against Berkey Photo Inc. in 1975.

Keystone Wizard XF1500 Camera

Item is an instant camera, with a plastic body. Deluxe version of the Wizard XF 1000. Features include: a plastic 115mm f/8.8 lens, an electric eye with manual exposure control through a lighten/darken dial, a viewfinder, electronic flash, tripod socket, and a focus that requires the photographer to estimate the distance from the subject.

Kodachrome Stereo Transparencies

Item consists of 80 Kodachrome and Anscochrome stereo colour transparencies, fragments of developed 35mm colour film, 3 35mm slides, and 1 paper index in a blue case with the wordds Busch Verascope on a plate on the front. Images are snapshots of family, sports games, landscapes, The Canadian Pacific Railway, the Canadian Rockies. boating, beaches, Arowhon Pines, Lake Mistassini, New York City, and various fur fasions being modeled.

Image Arts

Kodak Colorburst 250

Item is a Kodak Colorburst 250. It is an instant camera with a f/1:12.8 100mm lens, electronic flash, and a 2-1/300 secound shutter with motorized picture output. It used Kodak PR-10 instant film. It was first sold in July 1979.

Canadian Kodak Co., Limited

Kodak Colorburst 300

Item is a snapshot camera for instant photographs using Kodak PR10 instant film. It was originally sold for $75.00 .

This model was part of a series that was Kodak's response to the successful instant cameras produced by Polaroid. A patent infringement case was brought against Kodak by Polaroid in 1977 and was finally settled in 1986, in Polaroid's favour. Kodak recalled all their instant cameras, offering customers a new camera or a rebate in exchange. A further, class action, lawsuit by consumers followed, resulting in Kodak further offering cash or credit for the return of the Kodak nameplate.

Eastman Kodak Company

Kodak Developing and Printing Outfit No. 2

Item consists of a cardboard box containing materials necessary to develop film and print black and white photographs at home. Items include a Kodak candle lamp darkroom light, glass chemical stirrer, glass measuring cup, darkroom thermometer, 3 black enameled printing trays, black enameled adjustable printing frame for 95 x 150 mm (3.75" x 6"), 95 x 95mm (3.75" x 3.75"), and 65 x 95 mm (2.5" x 3.75") prints. The set includes the original yellow Kodak box, and an insturction booklet for the use of the set.

Kodak Instant photographs

File contains example images created with Kodak Instant Print Film. Kodak's instant film had an iso of 80, created 10.8x8.3 cm transparencies, and was manufactured by the Polaroid Corporation between and 1997.

Eastman Kodak Company

Kodak Pleaser

Item is a Kodak Pleaser. It is an instant camera with a 100mm f/12.7 lens, a shutter with speeds of 1/15-1/300s, and electronic exposure. It used film type PR 10 (PR144) for a picture size of 67 x 91mm. Picture ejection is by the crank on the right hand of the camera. The concept behind this unique-looking camera was to make instant photography as inexpensive and accessible as possible so that consumers might switch from Polaroid to Kodak.

Canadian Kodak Co., Limited

Kodak Stereo

Item is a stereo camera for creating two 24 x 24 mm exposures on standard 35mm cartridge film. The camera has a built in sprit level to ensure that ideal stereo effect is achieved. Kodak produced a corresponding Kodaslide Stereo Viewer and proprietary stereo slide holders for viewing images shot with the camera. Lenses are Kodak Anaston F3.5/35mm with a Kodak Flash 200 shutter.

Kodak Stereo Camera

Item is a brown Kodak Stereo Camera for two 23 x 24 mm exposures on standard 35mm cartridge film. The camera had a built in sprit level to ensure ideal stereo effect was achieved. Kodak produced a corresponding Kodaslide Stereo Viewer and proprietary stereo slide holders for images shot with this camera. Lenses are Kodak Anaston F3.5/35mm with a Kodak Flash 200 shutter. The viewfinder is between the two lenses.

Kodak Trimprint 940

Item is a Kodak Trimprint 940. It is an instant camera that used film format HS 144-10 and cost $44.95 when released. Anyone who owned this camera was offered a rebate if the camera's nameplate was returned to Kodak, when Kodak lost a case against Polaroid and was forced to withdraw its instant cameras from the market for infringement of Polaroid's patent. Hence, many of this model of camera will be found without the 940 Kodak Trimprint nameplate. It was the successor to the Kodamatic 940.

Eastman Kodak Company

Kodak Verichrome Safety Film in store stand up advertisement

Item consists of a stand up, cardboard cut-out poster advertising Kodak Verichorme Safety film, a black and white orthocrhomatic film manufactured between 1931 and 1956. The ad features a woman in a red striped dress holding a Kodak Duaflex II camera (manufactured between 1950 and 1954), a role of Verichrome 120 film, and a pile of black and white photographs, with an image of a man and a boy playing baseball visible.

Kodak instant products

Item is a 3-ring binder containing information on Kodak instant photography products. Includes press releases, diagrams, photographs, and general instructions. Binder is divided into the following sections: a slide presentation; Kodak instant camera production; Kodak instant film production; how the cameras work; how the film works; research and development; and the chemistry. Three promotional brochures for Kodak cameras, Kodak photographic film, and Kodak Park are laid into front.

Kodak Canada Inc.

Kodak stereo transparencies

Item consists of 82 Kodachrome and Anscochrome stereo colour transparencies, fragments of developed 35mm colour film, and a paper index. The paper index indicates that the images are of Fort York, Kaplan Kids - Vancouver, Miami - 1958 - Greenes, Bobby's Birthdays, The House, The Family, Friends + Relatives, Cities - Ottawa Montreal Quebec, Winter - Hockey, Grey Cup - 1956, Golf Partners, Balfour Beach - The Pachters, Bank of Commerce Building, Friends and Relatives - Neufelds - Edmonton - Naplaus Vancouver.

Image Arts

Kodak wooden developing tank

Item consists of a wooden box used for black and white film developing, containing a stainless steel round metal film tank and reel for 120mm film, 2 handles for film winding that fit through holes in the box, 1 film spool, and a metal instrument. A metal spool holder is mounted to the inside of the box. To use the developing tank, the film backing paper is attached to a spindle in the wooden developing tank, along with a light-tight cover, all of which are wound onto the spindle. The spindle is then transferred to the metal developing tank to be processed.

Source: Early Photography (2019). Roll-film developing tanks. Retrieved from: http://www.earlyphotography.co.uk/site/entry_D70-X.html

Kodaslide Stereo Viewer I

Item is a brown handheld electronic stereoscopic viewer manufactured by Kodak. Lenses adjustment and focus are controlled by a small brown knob on the right and switch on the top of eye lenses.
This 3D viewer was used to view two nearly identical photographs, or stereographs, as one three dimensional image. The stereograph would be placed in the cardholder and adjusted to fit the user's vision until the two images overlap to mimic a three-dimensional effect. Typically, this object would take transparencies from reels or cards. The light within the object would illuminate the back of the transparency to heighten the experience.

Kodomatic 960 Camera

Item is a Kodomatic instant camera with an electronic flash. Has faceplate attached; rare, as in 1976 Polaroid launched a lawsuit against Eastman Kodak for patent infringement. After a fifteen year legal battle, Polaroid won and Kodak wrote them a check for $925 million, which was the largest settlement ever paid in a patent trial and Judge Rya Sobel barred the company from the instant-photo business. Due a class-action suit, Kodak then had to buy back the cameras for as it could no longer supply film so it offered a refund for customers if they mailed in the faceplate.

Kodomatic 970L Camera

Item is a Kodomatic instant camera with an electronic flash. It comes with a manual. Has faceplate attached; rare, as in 1976 Polaroid launched a lawsuit against Eastman Kodak for patent infringement. After a fifteen year legal battle, Polaroid won and Kodak wrote them a check for $925 million, which was the largest settlement ever paid in a patent trial and Judge Rya Sobel barred the company from the instant-photo business. Due a class-action suit, Kodak then had to buy back the cameras for as it could no longer supply film so it offered a refund for customers if they mailed in the faceplate.

Len Didur - employee series

The sub-series contains 4 printed works on space photography and x-ray radiography produced by Eastman Kodak Company and either re-produced or re-distributed by Canadian Kodak Company Limited. One example of an x-ray photograph is included in this sub-series.

Didur, Len

Lestrade stereoscopic 3D viewer

Item is a white plastic stereoscopic viewer manufactured by Lestrade in France. Body of the 3D viewer is held together by rivets with a metal advance lever between the lenses. Item used stereo cards cards with transparencies. Cards are inserted through the top of the viewer. Next, user would look through binocular eye holes to see a three dimensional image. Viewer can be used with ambient light. Item comes in original box and with original 1970 catalogue listing all the stereo cards, attachments and other stereoscopic product available through Lestrade.

Lestrade stereoscopic 3D viewer

Item is a white plastic stereoscopic viewer manufactured by Lestrade in France. Body of the 3D viewer is held together by rivets with a plastic advance lever between the lenses. Item used transparency stereocards. First, cards are inserted through the top of the viewer. Next, user would look through binocular eye holes to see a three dimensional image. Viewer can be used with ambient light.

Looking through gold [information flyer]

X-ray radiograph image republished on an information flyer with a brief description of the material being reproduced. A photograph of the sarcophagus of King Tutankhamon was provided by the Laboratories of the Louvre Museum for reproduction in the flyer.

Eastman Kodak Company

Making the invisible visible [information flyer]

X-ray radiograph images republished on an information flyer with a brief description of the materials being reproduced. Photographs of the Dead Sea scrolls were taken using Kodak Infrared Film, and were provided by the Palestine Archeological Museum of Jerusalem for reproduction in the flyer.

Eastman Kodak Company

Meoskon 3D viewer

This item is a bakelite black 3D viewer with a white push down lever designed to switch three-dimensional reels. The object comes in original blue and white box base. Reels are inserted through the top of the viewer. Next, the user would look through binocular eye holes to see a three-dimensional image. View-Master can be used with ambient light.

Minolta Instant Pro Camera

Item is a Minolta instant camera, with a plastic body and hand strap, that now usually sells for around $20. Similar to the Spectra Pro Camera. Features include: a self-timer, electronic flash, autofocus and manual exposure adjustment. Serial number is H0Z01GGLVD.

Multi-Vue stereoscopic viewer kit

This item is a promotional stereoscopic kit given out by Chevrolet General Motors photography to display interiors and exteriors of their new car line. Each image is titled with the car name. The 3D viewer is black and made from metal and plastic. The viewer comes with a built-in light that requires C batteries. Stereoscopic cards are placed through the slot in the bottom of the stereoscope, next the image would be viewed through the viewer. Lens can be adjusted by the metal knobs on the side to correct vision. A push-down button on the body of the viewer turns on a small internal light bulb which brightens the stereoscopic transparencies. This makes the image easier to see. Box of kit is made from cardboard and leather with snap buttons to open and close. Slots within the box divide and house viewer and stereographs.

Nimslo 3D

Item is a four-lens, three-dimensional camera developed by Jerry Curtis Nims and Allen Kwok Wah Lo and manufactured in the UK. The camera has a plastic body and 4 identical lenses, coupled with a shutter that exposes the four square images in synch. When exposed, 35mm film was sent to the Nimslo Co. in England and a few other specialty labs. The customer received developed, autostereo (lenticular) colour prints, which allow a true stereo image without the use of glasses. This process was also developed by Nims and Lo.

Nishika N8000

Item is a four-lens, three-dimensional camera, originally developed by the Nimslo company, the Nishika copies were created after Nimslo was taken over by Nishika in 1989. The camera has a plastic body and 4 identical lenses, a fixed 1/60th shutter that exposes the four square images in synch. When exposed, the 35mm film had to be sent to specialty labs equipped for autostereo (lenticular) colour printing, which produced a true stereo image without the use of glasses. This process was also developed by Nims and Lo, of the original company.

Pleaser II Kodamatic

Item is a Kodak Pleaser. It is an instant 'handle' camera with a 100mm f/12.8 lens, a shutter with speeds of 2-1/300s, and electronic exposure. It used film type HS144 for a picture size of 67 x 91mm. Picture ejection is by the crank on the right hand of the camera. The concept behind this unique-looking camera was to make instant photography as inexpensive and accessible as possible so that consumers might switch from Polaroid to Kodak. It is the second of the Pleaser models and has a two-tone brown plastic body.

Canadian Kodak Co., Limited

Polaroid SX70 Model 2 (Brown) Camera

Item is a Polaroid instant camera, that usually retails for around $80. Comes with one Polaroid 5-bulb flashbar. The lens is 4-element 116mm f/8 glass, with a minimum focus of 10.4 inches, and single-lens reflex viewing and focusing. It also has a split-image rangefinder circle, electronic shutter and automatic exposure. Shutter speeds range from 1/175 to under 10 sec. The aperture control range f/8- f/22, with smaller apertures possible when used in conjunction with flash. The auto flash exposure is based on focus distance, with the maximum being 20ft. There is a built-in Flashbar socket and accessory electronic flashes were also available. Also has socket for electronic remote shutter release. Serial number is OC520942416.

Polaroid 1000 Camera

Item is a Polaroid instant camera with a plastic body and neck strap, that now typically sells for around $50. The shutter speed is 1/4 to 1/200 sec and is electronic. The aperture is fixed at F/14.6, manual lighten/darken control is possible, focusing options are 0.9 m to 30+, and the lens is plastic 103mm. At the height of production, 30,000 of these cameras were made each day. Serial number is CJV808GA.

Polaroid 1000 Camera Special Edition

Item is a Polaroid instant camera with a plastic body and neck strap, that now typically sells for around $50. Similar to the Polaroid One Step. It is a simple point-and-shoot camera, with the option for manual exposure control, a viewfinder, a single-element 103mm f/14.6 plastic lens and the option to attach an additional flashbar. Serial number is CVA918DC.

Polaroid 101 Camera

Item is a Polaroid instant camera with a metal body and a place for a tripod screw. It has manual focusing, through the use of a rangefinder, and a retractable viewfinder with parallax correction. The lens is 114 mm, with 3 glass elements, f8.8-42. Exposure is automatic, with shutter priority and the ability to capture multiple exposures, and the shutter is electronically controlled at a speed of 1/1200-10.″ The flash is synchronized with a PC connection and there is an external flash (Flashgun # 268) with M-3 bulbs. it usually sells for around $25. Serial number is D107455.

Polaroid 135 Camera

Item is a Polaroid instant camera, made of plastic, with a separate rangefinder focus and parallax-corrected viewfinder. The flash uses an M3 bulb and is a model 268 flash unit with filter. The lens is 3 element glass, the aperture control is f/8.8, f/42 and the shutter speed is 1/1200 to 10 seconds. It originally sold for $89.95, but now sells for around $10. Serial number is M516779.

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