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Special Collections Series
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Wet plate negatives

Series contains wet plate collodion negatives, a process usually credited to William Scott Archer , in wide use between 1851 and 1885. The process uses light-sensitive silver halides in collodion on a glass base and the negatives needed to be exposed while still wet. Positive prints of wet plate negatives were usually made using the albumen silver process. The process was superseded by the more convenient dry plate process.

Video cameras

Series contains hand-held, shoulder-mounted, or structurally-attached cameras that use electronic components to record moving images and sound. Most items in this series are for home use. For cameras that record moving images using digital components, see the Digital and Pre-digital cameras series.

To browse the individual items in this series, click on the "View the list" link under the "File and item records are available for this series" title (to the right of the page).

Weisblatt, Betty

Undated musem and gallery brochures

Series contains pamphlets, maps, guides and publications for cultural sites and photographic exhibitions between 2000 and 2005. Venues include:

Bath Abbey, England
The Boston Public Library
East Lambrook Manor Garden, England
The Finnish Museum of Photography
Forma International Centre of Photography, Milan
Glastonbury Abbey, England
Harry Ransom Humanities Research Centre, University of Texas at Austin
Harvard University Art Museums
The High Desert Museum, Bent Oregon
Horn Park Gardens, Dorset
International Visual Society Association
Japanese Gardens, Portland
Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe
Museum of Contemporary Art, San Diego
Museum fur Photographie, Berlin
National Film Theatre, London
National Museum of Natural History, Washington
National Trust, UK
Oregon History Centre
Peabody Essex Museum
Perth Institute of Contemporary Arts
Pittock Mansion, Portland
Parnham House, England
Portland Art Museum
Salvadore Dali Museum, Florida
San Francisco Museum of Modern Art
Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities
Suntory Museum of Art, Tokyo
The Tate Modern, London
The Victoria and Albert Museum, London
University of Oxford Botanic Garden

Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam

Nordström, Alison

Twin lens reflex cameras

Series contains cameras designed with two identical lenses, mounted one above the other, for composition and the other for exposure. The twin-lens design allows the photographer a continuous view of the subject while photographing, as the 45 degree angled mirror is mounted to the viewing lens only and therefore does not have to list out of the way during exposure, as in single lens reflex designs. Most designs used a waist level viewfinder with a ground glass.

To browse the individual items in this series, click on the "View the list" link under the "File and item records are available for this series" title (to the right of the page).

Toy and promotional cameras

Series contains cameras designed for children or created and distributed as marketing materials for different corporations. These cameras became most popular after the advent of film cartridges, as this greatly simplified the handling and lowered the cost. These cameras are predominantly inexpensive and simply designed, without features that allow the photographer to change aperture or shutter speed.

To browse the individual items in this series, click on the "View the list" link under the "File and item records are available for this series" title (to the right of the page).

Toronto theatre programs

Series consists of 638 theatre programs published by Toronto theatres and theatre companies between the years 1959 and 2012.

Alumnae Theatre Company

Toronto series

Series consists of photographs, photomechanical prints and drawings of buildings located in the Metropolitan Toronto Area, an administrative area that is now usually identified simply as 'Toronto'. The municipal districts included are: East York, Etobicoke, Forest Hill, Leaside, Long Branch, Mimico, New Toronto, North York, Scarborough, Swansea, Toronto, Weston and York.

Files for buildings in municipalities that are identified as part of the Greater Toronto Area but are not part of Metropolitan Toronto proper, including Mississauga, Vaughan and Markham, are found in the Ontario series.

Tintypes

Series contains examples of tintypes, collected from various sources.

Tintypes, sometimes referred to as ferrotypes or melainotypes, are direct positive images created with sensitized collodion on a metal (iron) surface that has been coated with lacquer or enamel. While the process is similar to the ambrotype in that it is essentially an underexposed negative image, the tintype does not need to be mounted with a dark backing to view the image, as the dark coating creates the positive image.

Theatre programs, miscellaneous

Series contains 36 miscellaneous non-theatre related publications, such as sporting event ticket stubs, commemoration and wedding programs, Metropolitan Community Church of Toronto programs, and various pamphlets for tours and attractions.

Textual Records

This series contains textual records related to the research, planning and exhibition of the cameras in this collection at the City of Waterloo Museum. The exhibition "Thru the Lens: Camera Obscura to Smartphone" was on display from April 12 to September 30, 2016. It also contains printed research notes, teaching material and samples of photographic processes that accompany items in the collection.

Textual Records

Series consists of unpublished textual records produced as a result of the day-to-day operations of Kodak Canada from 1896 to 2005. Records pertain to the company's corporate operations, financials, plant, equipment, and supplies, communications, human resources and industrial relations activities, employee activities, and Heritage Collection and Museum. Series includes notes, correspondence, ledger and account books, financial statements, reports, recipes and instructions, contracts and agreements, publication drafts and mock-ups, lists and inventories, and other manuscript, typescript, and computer-created textual materials produced by Kodak Canada employees, contractors, and correspondents.

Kodak Canada Inc.

Textual Records

194? - 199? 2.67 m textual.
This series includes all of the unpublished textual records in the Robert Hackborn Fonds. Series includes textual records related to the production of Canadian television, the special effects and production techniques pioneered or used by Mr. Hackborn, personal correspondence, screenplays, scripts, notes and clippings. The items in this series have been arranged and physically stored based on how they were ordered and stored by Mr. Hackborn.
2012.005.04

Hackborn, Robert Arthur, Mr., September 22, 1928

Subject-Files

This series contains subject files on various architects, firms or locations. These files were consulted for research or featured in the Canadian Architect magazines.

Stratford theatre programs

Series consists of 77 theatre programs published by the Stratford Shakespearean Festival in the years 1960, 1961, 1963-1967, 1971, 1974, 1976, 1978, 1980, 1986, 1987, 1991, 1993-1997, 2001-2012. The Stratford Festival is a festival that has occured annually from April to November since 1953 in Stratford, Ontario. The festival was originally devoted to producing soley the works of William Shakespeare, but since has expanded to focus primarily on classical repertoire.

Stereoscopic and multi lens cameras

Series contains cameras that have with more than one lens, to create multiple images on the same light sensitive film or plate. These cameras were designed for several purposes, the most popular being the stereoscopic, or three-dimensional, image. Most stereo cameras work by taking two simultaneous images from slightly varying points of view that correspond to the distance between the human eyes. The images are then mounted side-by-side and viewed through a stereoscope (a system of two lenses that helps to converge the two photographs, to mimic the depth perception of binocular vision). Other three-dimensional cameras used four or more lenses to create images for lenticular prints.
Some multi-lens cameras were intended to create multiple copies of the same scene at one time, such as the gem tintype camera and passport camera, while others had shutters that took sequential shots to create images which show the passage of time on one frame.

To browse the individual items in this series, click on the "View the list" link under the "File and item records are available for this series" title (to the right of the page).

Stereoscopic Cameras

Series consists of 17 cameras designed to take identical images of the same subject from two lenses, approximately 2.5 inches apart or the same distance between human eyes. Cameras are able to make stereo pairs or single images. Cameras in this series range between ca.1850 and ca.1996.

The stereoscope was invented by Charles Wheatstone in 1838 to demonstrate binocular vision and its role in depth perception. Wheatstone used a pair of drawings to show how each eye could see a slight difference in each image, until the single images are superimposed onto each other through a stereoscope, revealing a three-dimensional effect. With the later establishment of photography, creation of Sir David Brewster's portable stereoscope in 1894 and the introduction of the wet-plate collodion process in 1851, did the stereoscopic industry rise to popularity.

Prior to the development of stereo-cameras, a single camera was used to produce either two daguerreotypes or calotypes in succession. The camera would be moved a few inches to one side between exposures in an attempt to produce pictures that looked identical or what was seen by the two eyes. However, this method was based off trial and error, as the quality of the three-dimensional effect might have been compromised by inadequate distance between exposures or alteration of camera angle, subject, and lighting conditions.

The two basic camera types designed to produce stereoscopic pairs are the single-lensed and double-lensed cameras. The double-lensed or binocular cameras allowed photographers to make simultaneous exposures for more accurate stereo photographs. The increasing demand for stereo imagery called for more portable cameras. Field cameras that folded to a compact size enabled photographers to leave the studio and produce stereos outdoors or previously inaccessible places. Later camera designs would have a standard format of 23x 24 mm with a focal length of 35mm and faster shutter speeds.

Stereoscope Viewers

Series contains stereoscopic viewers, photographic images, and emphera. This includes a wide range of stereoscopes and three-dimensional viewers. Stereoscopes are devices used to view two mounted identical images as a single three-dimensional photograph commonly referred to as stereographs or stereoviews.

The first lens-based, portable stereoscopes were invented by Sir David Brewster in 1849 and presented at Crystal Palace during the London Great Exhibition between 1850 to 1851. Until a decade later when Oliver Wendell Holmes' adaptation of the Brewster stereoscope became the model for all later editions of stereoviewers during the 19th century. Holmes left his invention unpatented. This allowed other manufactures such as H.C. White, Underwood & Underwood and Keystone Viewing Company to mimic his design and increase production of stereoscopes and stereoviews. Ultimately, Holmes' decision would increase production and purchase of his invention.

Stereoscopes and stereo ephemera were meant for educational and entertainment purposes. Designs ranged from various materials like wood and aluminium, stereoscopes also had a large array of shapes and sizes from hand held to table top.

Following the 20th century, three-dimensional viewers became extremely popular. Some major manufactures such as GAF, Sawyer's View-Master and Tru-View produced iconic viewers made from metal, bakelite and other plastics. Originally, viewers and viewer emphera were developed for educational purposes but eventually became marketed as children's entertainment. Unlike stereoscopic viewers that could only look at single card stereoviews, three-dimensional viewers typically rotated black and white or colour transparency reels or multiview cards. Many original companies such as Sawyer's and GAF merged together but maintained the "View-Master" name. In 1989, the view-master brand was sold to Tycho until 1997 when Mattel and Tyco joined together. Now, view-masters are produced under the Fisher-Price title. View-masters were made from various materials and sizes. Some editions included built-in back lighting and sound recordings.

Stereographs, by subject

Series contains a wide range of stereoscopic photographs, often referred to as stereocards or stereographs. Depictions include a variety of people, places, and objects. In cases where items are part of a series, attempts have been made to arrange them together. Subject terms have been used to indicate contextual relationships.

Single lens reflex cameras

Series contains single lens reflex, or simply reflex, cameras. This deign used a mirror at a 45 degree angle to allow the photographer to look through the lens when composing the photograph, therefore seeing exactly what will appear on the film. Brilliant and sports style viewfinders only alllowed an approximation of the image alignment.

To browse the individual items in this series, click on the "View the list" link under the "File and item records are available for this series" title (to the right of the page).

Shaw Festival Theatre theatre programs

File consists of 39 theatre programs published by Shaw Festival Theatre in the years 1967, 1977, 1984-1989, and 1991-2012. The Festival produces the work of Bernard Shaw and plays from and about his era, as well as contemporary plays that share Shaw's vision. It started in 1962 and continues annually in the Niagara-on-the-Lake region.

Shaw Festival (Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ont.)

Scultpures and Reliefs series

Series consists of sculptures and reliefs of Lenin, as well as a piece of marble from Lenin's mausoleum. Media include metal, wood, bronze, plaster, stone, plastic, glass, porcelain, and clay.

Schedules and Guides

This series consists of materials related to the schedule and outline of events related to the Hot Docs Cinema, Festival and Industry events.

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